Personnel Risk:
Low
Score:
80/100
Leadership Behaviour
Q34
50/100
Do the Defence Ministry, Defence Minister, Chiefs of Defence, and Single Service Chiefs publicly commit, through, for example, speeches, media interviews, or political mandates, to anti-corruption and integrity measures?
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At the end of 2019, the Anticorruption Supervisor instructed that all employees be informed of the publication of the new 2020-2022 Corruption Prevention Plan,…
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One can find some evidence of public commitments to anti-corruption and integrity by all three Defence Ministers who served in the last five years.…
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Public commitments to anti-corruption from unit commanders and leaders appear to be rare. For instance, the Deputy Minister of Defence Tofalo failed to address…
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Q35
88/100
Are there effective measures in place for personnel found to have taken part in forms of bribery and corruption, and is there evidence that these measures are being carried out?
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Q36
83/100
Is whistleblowing encouraged by the government, and are whistle-blowers in military and defence ministries afforded adequate protection from reprisal for reporting evidence of corruption, in both law and practice?
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Art 1(51) of law n. 190/2012 introduced regulation of whistleblowing at national level [1]. However, due to its vagueness in protecting the public servant…
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In the “Three-year Plan for the prevention of corruption and transparency” issued by the Ministry of Defence, section III.6.9 deals with measures to protect…
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According to the Three-year plan all activities concerning protection of whistleblowing are ongoing or accomplished, with the exception of the online software. [1] Nonetheless,…
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Q37
83/100
Is special attention paid to the selection, time in post, and oversight of personnel in sensitive positions, including officials and personnel in defence procurement, contracting, financial management, and commercial management?
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Both the Code of Conduct for the personnel of the Ministry of Defence and the three-year anticorruption plan pay special attention to personnel working…
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Subsection III.6.3.2 of the three-year plan specifies the criteria for the maximum appointment for both the military (max. 5 years) and civilian personnel in…
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Internal oversight for high-risk positions is done annually once a year. Nonetheless, should there be any reporting of illicit activities, immediate proceedings are carried…
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Payroll, Promotions, Appointments, Rewards
Q38
83/100
Is the number of civilian and military personnel accurately known and publicly available?
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The maximum number of civilian and military personnel of the Ministry of Defence is specified in the Code of the Military System, as modified…
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The number of personnel published on the website of the Ministry of Defence is disaggregated by rank. This kind of information is available for…
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There is no evidence, on public media (journal articles and media reports), of the existence of “ghost soldiers” in Italy.
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Q39
75/100
Are pay rates and allowances for civilian and military personnel openly published?
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In 2017, the Legislative Decree 29 May 2017, n. 94 partly modified the roles and carriers of the personnel of the Armed Forces. The…
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On the website of the Ministry it is also possible to access some information on allowances, depending on the personnel categorisation. For civil servants…
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Q40
83/100
Do personnel receive the correct pay on time, and is the system of payment well-established, routine, and published?
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In general terms personnel of the Ministry of Defence receive their pay on time, via the centralised online platform NoiPA [1]. On the website…
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Payments are normally correct. Nonetheless, at the beginning of February 2020, there were some instances of missed payment of missions allowances due to foreclosures…
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As indicated in Q39, pay brackets for all ranks disaggregated by seniority and the allowances systems are available on the website of the Ministry…
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Q41
67/100
Is there an established, independent, transparent, and objective appointment system for the selection of military personnel at middle and top management level?
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The appointment system for the selection of middle and top management is defined by the Code of the Military System [1] and the Single…
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Appointments to high-level positions are not subjected to external scrutiny processes nor audits. An external control might be considered a necessity for the personnel…
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Information on the vacancy and on the appointment process per rank is made available on the website of the Ministry of Defence [1]. In…
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Q42
63/100
Are personnel promoted through an objective, meritocratic process? Such a process would include promotion boards outside of the command chain, strong formal appraisal processes, and independent oversight.
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Process for career advancement is defined by the Code of the Military System, that delineates the criteria for a promotion (art 1031). Permanent commissions…
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A member of the armed forces can be promoted for merit of war, as stated in articles 1336 et seq. of the Code of…
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In 2019 the Italian constitutional court [1] judged art. 14, 1(f) of legislative decree 33/2013 on duty of publicity, transparency, and spread of information…
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Details of postings are published for both civilian and military personnel [1]. According to the information available on the website, there is a lack…
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Conscription and Recruitment
Q43
NA/100
Where compulsory conscription occurs, is there a policy of not accepting bribes for avoiding conscription? Are there appropriate procedures in place to deal with such bribery, and are they applied?
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Compulsory conscription has been suspended in Italy by Law 226 of 23 August 2004 [1]. The law anticipated the suspension of conscription to the…
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Compulsory conscription has been suspended in Italy by Law 226 of 23 August 2004 [1]. The law anticipated the suspension of conscription to the…
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Compulsory conscription has been suspended in Italy by Law 226 of 23 August 2004 [1]. The law anticipated the suspension of conscription to the…
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Q44
92/100
is there a policy of refusing bribes to gain preferred postings? Are there appropriate procedures in place to deal with such bribery, and are they applied?
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Bribes and corruption in public administration is forbidden by law and punished according to the national penal code, section 2, Title II [1]. Moreover,…
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Possible sanctions, may include criminal prosecution, dismissal, incarceration and financial penalties as defined by national law for acts of bribes and corruption in the…
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According to the 2019 report of the Anticorruption supervisor, a total of 20 cases of corruption occurred in the acquisition and management of personnel…
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Salary Chain
According to the Organisation Chart, the “technical-administrative area” is formally separated from the “technical-operative area” [1]. Even though both the General Defence Secretary and…
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Values and Standards
Q46
94/100
Is there a Code of Conduct for all military personnel that includes, but is not limited to, guidance with respect to bribery, gifts and hospitality, conflicts of interest, and post-separation activities? Is there evidence that breaches of the Code of Conduct are effectively addressed?
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In 2018, the Ministry of Defence updated its Code of Conduct for the personnel of the Ministry, which applies to both civil and military…
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The Code of Conduct and the illustrative report on the Code of Conduct are both published on the website of the Ministry of Defence.…
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Enforcement of the Code of Conduct is implemented with the support of the Office for Disciplinary Proceedings (Art. 15(2)). In its work, the Office…
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Art. 15 (3) of the Code of Conduct provides for a training on transparency and integrity to be given to the entire personnel of…
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Q47
94/100
Is there a Code of Conduct for all civilian personnel that includes, but is not limited to, guidance with respect to bribery, gifts and hospitality, conflicts of interest, and post-separation activities? Is there evidence that breaches of the Code of Conduct are effectively addressed?
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In 2018, the Ministry of Defence updated its Code of Conduct for the personnel of the ministry, that applies to both civil and military…
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The Code of Conduct and the illustrative report on the Code of Conduct are both published on the website of the Ministry of Defence.…
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Enforcement of the Code of Conduct is implemented with the support of the Office for Disciplinary Proceedings (Art. 15(2)). In its work, the Office…
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Art. 15 (3) of the Code of Conduct provides for a training on transparency and integrity to be given to the entire personnel of…
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Q48
67/100
Does regular anti-corruption training take place for military and civilian personnel?
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According to the 2019 annual report of the anti-corruption supervisor (section 5), training on anti-corruption issues has been delivered during the year of observation…
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According to three-year anticorruption plan [1] and to the Code of Conduct [2], anticorruption measures and related proceedings are made available to all personnel…
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The information from the Anticorruption supervisor report that the total number of trained personnel of the Ministry amounts to “more than 1.000” [1] underlines…
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Q49
92/100
Is there a policy to make public outcomes of the prosecution of defence services personnel for corrupt activities, and is there evidence of effective prosecutions in recent years?
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Outcomes of prosecutions are made publicly available through the annual report of the Anticorruption Supervisor. Section 12 of the said report identifies number and…
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The report specifies the charges and the articles of the national civil and penal code that apply in order to sanction the illegal activities…
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There is no evidence on the media of formal processes delayed due to political influence. Moreover, the independence of the judiciary is ensured by…
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Q50
67/100
Are there effective measures in place to discourage facilitation payments (which are illegal in almost all countries)?
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Facilitation payments are not allowed by law. As indicated in the criminal code (art. 318 ff.) [1], any form of payment, or instigation to,…
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There is no evidence of political influence over the investigation and prosecution of cases. However, a problem that might affect the enforcement of the…
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In the 2019 report of the Anticorruption Supervisor there are indications of corruption cases that constitute a crime under the articles of the criminal…
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