Procurement Risk:
Critical
Score:
10/100
Government Policy
Q57
0/100
Does the country have legislation covering defence and security procurement with clauses specific to corruption risks, and are any items exempt from these laws?
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This indicator is not assigned a score in the GDI. Oman has no legislation within the country that covers defence and national security purchases.…
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Oman has no defence specific legislation that covers defence and national security procurement; therefore assessing its comprehensiveness is irrelevant in this context.
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This sub-indicator has been marked as Not Applicable, as Oman has no legislation that covers defence and national security procurement.
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Q58
0/100
Is the defence procurement cycle process, from assessment of needs, through contract implementation and sign-off, all the way to asset disposal, disclosed to the public?
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There are general guidelines and internal policies for procurement but they are unclear, vague and lack many elements. For example, what to report as…
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There is no documented policy, the defence procurement cycle is not disclosed to any party, including the al-Shura council, institutions, or CSOs (1), (2).…
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There are general guidelines and internal policies for procurement but they are unclear, vague and lack many elements. For example, what to report as…
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Q59
0/100
Are defence procurement oversight mechanisms in place and are these oversight mechanisms active and transparent?
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There is a lack of independent oversight mechanisms for the defence and security sectors in general and with procurement in particular. However, there is…
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There is no oversight mechanism over procurement in place (see Q59A); therefore, this sub-indicator has been marked Not Applicable.
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There is no oversight mechanism over procurement in place (see Q59A); therefore, this sub-indicator has been marked Not Applicable.
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There is no forward planning for potential purchases and procurement with exception to normal logistical needs such as uniforms, and food supplies (1), (2).…
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As defence purchases are not subject to forward planning in Oman, there is no information available to be published. With a lack of forward…
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Defence purchases are never released by government institutions, including the Ministry of Defence’s Directorate of Purchasing, or the Secretariat of Tender Board (1), (2).…
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There is no data available on defence purchases. The data is confidential and secret. Any release of this information could be criminalized and the…
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Capability Gap and Requirements Definition
Q62
0/100
What procedures and standards are companies required to have – such as compliance programmes and business conduct programmes – in order to be able to bid for work for the Ministry of Defence or armed forces?
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There are internal guidelines that put forward procedures setting out who and how suppliers and sub-contractors are selected for work contracts for the Ministry…
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This indicator has been marked Not Applicable because there are no laws or procedures outlining the standards for companies (See Q62A). As the formal…
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Q63
0/100
Are procurement requirements derived from a national defence and security strategy, and are procurement decisions well-audited? Are defence purchases based on clearly identified and quantified requirements?
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There is no national defence or security strategy which is available for the public; however, there is speculation that there may be one (1),…
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As established in Q8A, there are no independent well-resourced mandated oversight bodies to scrutinize activities of the Ministry of Defence according to the BTI…
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Purchases are usually implemented outside the national defence strategy (1), (2). The purchases are either bureaucratic in nature or politically motivated (2).
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Tender Solicitation, Assessment and Contract Award
Q64
0/100
Is defence procurement generally conducted as open competition or is there a significant element of single-sourcing (that is, without competition)?
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Most of the defence purchases are implemented through single-source suppliers. This specifically refers to strategic deals such as weapons, tanks, jets, ammunition or military…
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There is no oversight mechanism (internal or external) to question single sources or open competition for purchases (1). Defence procurement is not generally done…
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Q65
6/100
Are tender boards subject to regulations and codes of conduct and are their decisions subject to independent audit to ensure due process and fairness?
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According to a senior financial auditor within the MoD, officials with a role in designing tenders are not subject to any regulations, but they…
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There is no oversight mechanism for personnel or officers who design and set the tenders information about defence and military procurement (1), (2).
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Although there is little to no information about the defence and military procurement, our sources confirm that there is a lack of transparency on…
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There is no oversight mechanism for personnel or officers who design and set the tenders information about defence and military procurement (1), (2).
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Q66
0/100
Does the country have legislation in place to discourage and punish collusion between bidders for defence and security contracts?
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There is no legislation addressing collusion between bidders for defence and security contractors; general anti-corruption legislation; however, does account for public officials abuse of…
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This indicator has been marked Not Applicable because there is no legislation addressing collusion in the defence sector. Procurement personnel have no authority to…
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This indicator has been marked Not Applicable because there is no legislation addressing collusion in the defence sector. According to a senior auditor within…
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There is no evidence that training is provided to procurement officials with regards to collusion (1,2).
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Contract Delivery and In-Service Support
Q67
25/100
Are there mechanisms and procedures that ensure that contractors meet their obligations on reporting and delivery?
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There are some policies and procedural measures to outlines how to monitor, assess and report supplier’s services (1). However, these guidelines do not include…
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There is a lack of transparency in general in the procurement process, which include reporting and delivery system. Officials fail in many cases to…
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Monitoring as part of the management of suppliers is minimal (1). Officials conduct some completion reporting on the contractual obligations but, usually, fail to…
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Breaches of contract can sometimes be sanctioned, but not always (1), (2).
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Q68
50/100
Are there mechanisms in place to allow companies to complain about perceived malpractice in procurement, and are companies protected from discrimination when they use these mechanisms?
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It has become apparent that the complaints mechanisms for companies to complain about malpractice in procurement exists only in informal communication. According to sources,…
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This indicator is marked Not Applicable because there are no formal complaint mechanisms. It is all based either on informal communication or contract-based articles;…
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This indicator is marked Not Applicable because there are no formal complaint mechanisms. Companies rarely complain as they usually settle conflicts in a gentleman’s…
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Officials have no powers to exclude companies or individuals implicated in bribery or corrupt activities (1), (2). As the majority of these companies are…
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This indicator is marked Not Applicable because procurement officials have no authority to exclude companies or individuals implicated in bribery or corruption related offences.…
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This indicator is marked Not Applicable because procurement officials have no authority to exclude companies or individuals implicated in bribery or corruption related offences.…
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Offset Contracts
Q70
13/100
When negotiating offset contracts, does the government specifically address corruption risk by imposing anti-corruption due diligence on contractors and third parties?
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There is some relevant legislation addressing offset contracts; however, it is solely directed at foreign companies, RD 9/2014, establishes an Omani Authority for Partnership…
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The government imposes no anti-corruption due diligence or auditing requirements on offset contracts (1). Another resource confirms that corruption is not seen as a…
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There are no laws of policies that deal with the reporting process and obligations in the offset contracts (1), (2). There are no formal…
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There is a lack of transparency within the government managed offset contracts. There is very little data available on them. These contracts, according to…
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There is a form of reporting procedures that goes towards completion reports. However, these policies are not always followed, and a completion report has…
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When a contract is violated, especially in the delivery process, sanctions are highly probable against the suppliers (1), (2). There are rare cases when…
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The whole polity and policies of Oman are based on non-justification in general in almost every aspect of the country. This includes the justification…
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Agents / Brokers
Q73
75/100
How strongly does the government control the company’s use of agents and intermediaries in the procurement cycle?
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The use of intermediary agents is permitted, but there are some forms of control over them. This means that in many cases, the use…
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The use of agents is permitted; however, there are conditions and restrictions based on the purchases and the contractor. According to our source, when…
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Financing Package
Q74
0/100
Are the principal aspects of the financing package surrounding major arms deals, (such as payment timelines, interest rates, commercial loans or export credit agreements) made publicly available prior to the signing of contracts?
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The government does not publish any information about defence purchases or arms deals. The data published by the media is either via western media…
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Seller Influence
Q75
NS/100
How common is it for defence acquisition decisions to be based on political influence by selling nations?
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This indicator is not assigned a score in the GDI. There is a strong belief that defence purchases are influenced by political ties with…
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This indicator is not assigned a score in the GDI. There is a general policy in Oman where there is no justification or deliberation…
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This indicator is not assigned a score in the GDI. Commonly, defence purchases and acquisitions, as well as political and strategic decisions are based…
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