Political Risk:

Moderate

Score:

55/100

Defence and Security Policy and Policy Transparency

Collapse
Q1 17/100

Is there formal provision for effective and independent legislative scrutiny of defence policy?

View Question
Formal rights Score: 50 / 100
The Parliamentary Assembly has no formal powers over the defence policy. The Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina adopts the policy with the Parliament Assembly…
Explore
Effectiveness Score: 0 / 100
The parliament does not regularly approve and veto laws on security and the best example of this that the Law on Defence has not…
Explore
Independent legislature scrutiny Score: 0 / 100
The majority of the elected representatives in the Parliamentary Assembly of Bosnia and Herzegovina compose the ruling majority who appoint the members of the…
Explore
Q2 58/100

Does the country have an identifiable and effective parliamentary defence and security committee (or similar such organisations) to exercise oversight?

View Question
Formal rights Score: 100 / 100
There is a Joint Committee on Defence and Security of Bosnia and Herzegovina that, among its other duties, is assigned with the following duties:…
Explore
Expertise Score: 50 / 100
The Joint Committee on Defence and Security of Bosnia and Herzegovina (JC) consists of twelve members. Though any MP can be a member of…
Explore
Responsive policymaking Score: 50 / 100
The JC’s authority arises from the Rules of Procedures of the House of Representatives and the House of Peoples of the Parliamentary Assembly [1,…
Explore
Short-term oversight Score: 0 / 100
Annual reports from 2015, 2016 and 2017 on the work of the JC show that it did not issue any budget amendment or recommendations…
Explore
Long-term oversight Score: 100 / 100
Following the 2015 Annual Report on the work of the JC, the committee reviewed the material and conclusions from the discussion on the Council…
Explore
Institutional outcomes Score: 50 / 100
The 2015 and 2016 annual reports on the work of the Parliamentary Military Commissioner (PMC) found that some of the problems mentioned by the…
Explore
Q3 0/100

Is the country’s national defence policy or national security strategy debated and publicly available?

View Question
Scope of involvement Score: 0 / 100
Since the last Defence Policy of Bosnia and Herzegovina, was adopted in 2008 by the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina, there has not been…
Explore
Scope of debate Score: NA / 100
This indicator has been marked Not Applicable, due to the fact that there is no debate in the country, as outlined in 3A. Documents…
Explore
Public consultations Score: 0 / 100
As both aforementioned documents that regulate the defence and security policies are ten years old and even though the platform for the implementation of…
Explore
Transparency Score: 0 / 100
Although a defence policy document, the White Book from 2005, is published on the Ministry of Defence’s website, the latest defence document, the Defence…
Explore
Q4 92/100

Do defence and security institutions have a policy, or evidence, of openness towards civil society organisations (CSOs) when dealing with issues of corruption?

View Question
Policy of openness Score: 100 / 100
There is an official policy adopted by the Ministry of Defence of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Public Relation Policy [1], it is accompanied by…
Explore
CSO protections Score: 100 / 100
Civil society organisations (CSOs) enjoy a range of protections from government and there are laws providing citizens to freely associate in the form of…
Explore
Practice of openness Score: 75 / 100
In general, defence and security institutions rarely engage CSOs in the process of production of anti-corruption policies. Still, there is evidence proving that defence…
Explore
Q5 63/100

Has the country signed up to the following international anti-corruption instruments: UNCAC and the OECD Convention?

View Question
Signatory and Ratification status Score: 100 / 100
According to the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute – SIPRI’s Facts Sheet (Trends in International Arms Transfer) from March 2018 Bosnia and Herzegovina is…
Explore
Compliance Score: 25 / 100
Per the Draft Country Review Report of Bosnia and Herzegovina (review cycle 2010-2015), there are considerable challenges for Bosnia and Herzegovina in the implementation…
Explore
Q6 25/100

Is there evidence of regular, active public debate on issues of defence? If yes, does the government participate in this debate?

View Question
Public debate Score: 25 / 100
There are occasional debates among representatives of academics, journalists, opinion-formers, and civil society organisations (CSOs) about defence issues. When debates occur they only superficially…
Explore
Government engagement in public discourse Score: 25 / 100
There is regular information on the Ministry of Defence’s (MoD) website concerning the current activities of the MoD and its management and they appear…
Explore
Q7 88/100

Does the country have an openly stated and effectively implemented anti-corruption policy for the defence sector?

View Question
Anti-corruption policy Score: 100 / 100
The National Anticorruption Strategy is not structured to specify or address the obligations separately for every institution in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH), including the…
Explore
Effective implementation Score: 75 / 100
Per obligations from the strategy, the MoD created the “BiH MoD Integrity Plan and Fight against Corruption for the period 2015-2019”, containing 182 measures.…
Explore
Q8 100/100

Are there independent, well-resourced, and effective institutions within defence and security tasked with building integrity and countering corruption?

View Question
Mandate and resources Score: 100 / 100
There is a specialized organisational Unit named General Inspectorate in the Ministry of Defence of Bosnia and Herzegovina (MoD) which in accordance with Chapter…
Explore
Independence Score: 100 / 100
According to Article 54 of the Law on Defence of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the General Inspectorate is an organisational unit within the Ministry of…
Explore
Effectiveness Score: 100 / 100
Through information obtained through a telephone conversation with the general inspector, the General Inspectorate of the Ministry of Defence (MoD) is composed of inspectors…
Explore
Q9 NS/100

Does the public trust the institutions of defence and security to tackle the issue of bribery and corruption in their establishments?

View Question
Score: NS / 100
This indicator is not assigned a score in the GDI. In 2015, the Centre for Security Studies conducted public opinion research on perception, attitudes…
Explore
Q10 100/100

Are there regular assessments of the areas of greatest corruption risk for ministry and armed forces personnel, and are the findings used as inputs to the anti-corruption policy?

View Question
Risk assessments Score: 100 / 100
In 2016, the Ministry of Defence of Bosnia and Herzegovina (MoD) adopted a Rule Book on Assessing Risk Corruption which foresees the risk assessment…
Explore
Regularity Score: 100 / 100
According to the Plan for Integrity and the Fight Against Corruption of the Ministry of Defence of Bosnia and Herzegovina for the Period 2015-2019…
Explore
Inputs to anti-corruption policy Score: 100 / 100
As explained in subsection 10B, the MoD and the Joint Headquarters of the Armed Forces of Bosnia and Herzegovina, are obliged to annually analyze…
Explore

Defence Budgets

Expand
Q11 33/100

Does the country have a process for acquisition planning that involves clear oversight, and is it publicly available?

View Question
Acquisition planning process Score: 50 / 100
The Ministry of Defence (MoD) only recognizes budgetary planning for procurement [1, 2, 3]. The process of logistics needs planning and procurement is in…
Explore
Transparency Score: 50 / 100
The public has access to information about the entire process of public procurement itself. Namely and following the response given by the MoD to…
Explore
External oversight Score: 0 / 100
There is no external oversight of the acquisition planning process. Article 17 of the Public Procurement Law prescribes that the contracting authority can start…
Explore
Q12 50/100

Is the defence budget transparent, showing key items of expenditure? And it is provided to the legislature in a timely fashion?

View Question
Comprehensiveness Score: 50 / 100
The Law on Budget of the Institution of Bosnia and Herzegovina and International Obligation of Bosnia and Herzegovina for 2018 lacks the information on…
Explore
Timeliness Score: 50 / 100
The legislature – the Committee for Finance and Budget of the House of Representative of the Parliamentary Assembly of Bosnia and Herzegovina received an…
Explore
Q13 0/100

Is there a legislative committee (or other appropriate body) responsible for defence budget scrutiny and analysis in an effective way?

View Question
Formal rights Score: 0 / 100
The Joint Committee on Defence and Security of Bosnia and Herzegovina (JC) has no formal power to make an impact on defence budget decision…
Explore
Influence on decision-making Score: 0 / 100
The Joint Committee on Defence and Security of Bosnia and Herzegovina has no formal power to make an impact on defence budget decision making.…
Explore
Q14 58/100

Is the approved defence budget made publicly available? In practice, can citizens, civil society, and the media obtain detailed information on the defence budget?

View Question
Proactive publication Score: 50 / 100
The Defence Budget’s in 2018 and 2017 were adopted by the Parliamentary Assembly of Bosnia and Herzegovina and it presents an integral part of…
Explore
Comprehensiveness Score: 75 / 100
The approved Defence Budget of Bosnia and Herzegovina is fully disclosed to the public but, it is not fully but it is not enough…
Explore
Response to information requests Score: 50 / 100
Following Article 4 of the Law on Freedom of Access to Information, every natural and legal person has the right to access information in…
Explore
Q15 58/100

Are sources of defence income other than from central government allocation (from equipment sales or property disposal, for example) published and scrutinised?

View Question
Transparency Score: 75 / 100
Since all the income generated by the Ministry of Defence, in accordance with Article 64 of the Rule Book on Financial and Material Operating…
Explore
Institutional scrutiny Score: 100 / 100
There are two mechanisms of scrutiny of financial operations of the Ministry of Defence of Bosnia and Herzegovina [1]. The Auditing Office of the…
Explore
Public scrutiny Score: 0 / 100
There is almost no scrutiny of the Ministry of Defence’s non-central government sources of funding. The media only provides some general information on the…
Explore
Q16 44/100

Is there an effective internal audit process for defence ministry expenditure (that is, for example, transparent, conducted by appropriately skilled individuals, and subject to parliamentary oversight)?

View Question
Activity Score: 75 / 100
Under Article 4 of the Rule Book on Internal Audit in the Ministry of Defence, the head of the Internal Audit Office is obliged…
Explore
Enabling oversight Score: 0 / 100
There is an internal audit office within the Ministry of Defence of Bosnia and Herzegovina and, in accordance with Article 10, paragraph 1, of…
Explore
External scrutiny Score: 50 / 100
The Internal audit reports are not delivered to external audit bodies without a prior call of those external audit bodies, according to Article 19…
Explore
Institutional outcomes Score: 50 / 100
Per the 2016 Annual Consolidated Report of Internal Audit, the Ministry of Defence of Bosnia and Herzegovina, out of the total number of the…
Explore
Q17 88/100

Is there effective and transparent external auditing of military defence expenditure?

View Question
Activity Score: 100 / 100
In accordance with Article 13, paragraph 5, the Audit Office of the Institutions of Bosnia and Herzegovina is obliged once a year to perform…
Explore
Independence Score: 100 / 100
In accordance with Article 4 of the Law on Audit Office of the Institutions of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Audit Office of the Institutions…
Explore
Transparency Score: 100 / 100
In Article 3 paragraph 2 of the Law on Audit of the Institutions of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Audit Office is obliged to timely…
Explore
Institutional outcomes Score: 50 / 100
From the 2018 Audit Report on Financial Revision, out of the 34 recommendations issued in the 2017 report, the Ministry of Defence of Bosnia…
Explore

Nexus of Defence and National Assets

Expand
Q18 100/100

Is there evidence that the country’s defence institutions have controlling or financial interests in businesses associated with the country’s natural resource exploitation and, if so, are these interests publicly stated and subject to scrutiny?

View Question
Legal framework Score: 100 / 100
Article 13 of the Law on Defence of Bosnia and Herzegovina prescribes all the competences of the Ministry of Defence and accordingly to the…
Explore
Defence institutions: Financial or controlling interests in practice Score: 100 / 100
Article 13 of the Law on Defence of Bosnia and Herzegovina prescribes all the competences of the Ministry of Defence and accordingly to the…
Explore
Individual defence personnel: Financial or controlling interests in practice Score: 100 / 100
As explained in 18A, there is no legal basis for military personnel to be involved in any kind of control or exploitation of natural…
Explore
Transparency Score: NA / 100
This indicator has been marked Not Applicable. Article 13 of the Law on Defence of Bosnia and Herzegovina prescribes all the competences of the…
Explore
Scrutiny Score: NA / 100
This indicator has been marked Not Applicable. Article 13 of the Law on Defence of Bosnia and Herzegovina prescribes all the competences of the…
Explore

Organised Crime

Expand
Q19 25/100

Is there evidence, for example through media investigations or prosecution reports, of a penetration of organised crime into the defence and security sector? If no, is there evidence that the government is alert and prepared for this risk?

View Question
Penetration of organised crime Score: 50 / 100
There are media reports of police officers being arrested for sharing information on police actions [1], and participation in narcotics trafficking [2]. There have…
Explore
Government response Score: 0 / 100
The state has adopted action plans for the implementation of the Strategy for Combating Organized Crime in Bosnia and Herzegovina; however, in the strategic…
Explore
Q20 67/100

Is there policing to investigate corruption and organised crime within the defence services and is there evidence of the effectiveness of this policing?

View Question
Existence of policing function Score: 100 / 100
The role of the military police includes the suppression of organized crime and corruption; however, they are primarily in charge of maintenance of internal…
Explore
Independence Score: 50 / 100
Since the units authorized to combat organized crime and corruption in the defence sector are incorporated in the organisational structure of the 4th, 5th…
Explore
Effectiveness Score: 50 / 100
The Organisation for Security and Cooperation in Europe’s (OSCE) Report on Assessment of the Needs of the Judiciary in the Corruption Processes through Monitoring…
Explore

Control of Intelligence Services

Expand
Q21 75/100

Are the policies, administration, and budgets of the intelligence services subject to effective and independent oversight?

View Question
Independence Score: 100 / 100
There is a Joint Committee on Supervision of the Work of Intelligence and Security Agency of Bosnia and Herzegovina within the Parliamentary Assembly of…
Explore
Effectiveness Score: 50 / 100
Pursuant to Article 22 of the Intelligence-Security Service of Bosnia and Herzegovina, members of the Joint Committee for Supervision of the Work of the…
Explore
Q22 33/100

Are senior positions within the intelligence services filled on the basis of objective selection criteria, and are appointees subject to investigation of their suitability and prior conduct?

View Question
Objective selection criteria Score: 25 / 100
According to the Law on Intelligence-Security Agency of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the positions within the agency with clear seniority are the director-general, the deputy…
Explore
Selection bias Score: 25 / 100
As it is prescribed by Article 25 of the Law on Intelligence-Security Agency of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the appointment of the director-general, the deputy…
Explore
Vetting process Score: 50 / 100
There is a Rulebook on the Way of Conducting the Security Check and the Source of Data in the Security Check Process of the…
Explore

Export Controls

Expand
Q23 92/100

Does the government have a well-scrutinised process for arms export decisions that aligns with Articles 7.1.iv, 11.5, and 15.6 of the Arms Trade Treaty (ATT)?

View Question
Signatory and Ratification Score: 100 / 100
Bosnia and Herzegovina signed and ratified the Arms Trade Treaty (ATT) on September 25, 2014, agreeing to comply with the whole treaty [1, 2].
Explore
Compliance Score: 100 / 100
Bosnia and Herzegovina fully complies with the three articles of the ATT. The articles of ATT are used for state strategies, and Bosnia and…
Explore
Parliamentary scrutiny Score: 75 / 100
According to Article 5 of the Law on Control of Foreign Trade Traffic of Weapon, Military Equipment and Special Purpose Goods, the Ministry of…
Explore

Lobbying in Defence

Expand
Q76 0/100

Does the country regulate lobbying of defence institutions?

View Question
Legal framework Score: 0 / 100
Bosnia and Herzegovina has no legal framework regulating lobbying [1].
Explore
Disclosure: Public officials Score: NA / 100
Bosnia and Herzegovina has no legal framework regulating lobbying [1], as such this indicator is marked Not Applicable.
Explore
Lobbyist registration system Score: NA / 100
Bosnia and Herzegovina has no legal framework regulating lobbying [1], as such this indicator is marked Not Applicable.
Explore
Oversight & enforcement Score: NA / 100
Bosnia and Herzegovina has no legal framework regulating lobbying [1], as such this indicator is marked Not Applicable.
Explore