Procurement Risk:
Critical
Score:
11/100
57
50/100
Does the country have legislation covering defence and security procurement with clauses specific to corruption risks, and are any items exempt from these laws?
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This indicator is not assigned a score in the GDI. Burundi has had a public procurement code since 2008, which was revised in 2018.…
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Burundi’s Public Procurement Code refers to the risk of corruption and contains clear provisions to mitigate it [1] [2] [3]. Article 35, paragraphs 11…
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Generally speaking, there are many violations of the public procurement code in Burundi and in the defence and security sector in particular, the public…
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58
17/100
Is the defence procurement cycle process, from assessment of needs, through contract implementation and sign-off, all the way to asset disposal, disclosed to the public?
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The procurement process in the Defence sector is by no means formalizsed. It is managed on a discretionary basis by a small group of…
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Information on public contracts in the Defence sector is sometimes published. These are published in online newspapers, offline newspapers and at the offices of…
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There is a manual of administrative and financial procedures within the army which deals in a general way, without going into detail, with the…
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59
8/100
Are defence procurement oversight mechanisms in place and are these oversight mechanisms active and transparent?
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Bodies such as Parliament, the Anti-Corruption Unit and the Court of Auditors have the formal power to control the awarding of public contracts in…
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The control mechanisms are very inactive . Despite the powers conferred on them by the various laws, the reality is that they are unable…
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What little work is done by bodies such as the Brigade anti-corruption or the Inspectorate General of the Ministry of Defence remains non-transparent .…
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Each budget year, an assessment of requirements is carried out within the army and purchases are planned. This assessment is updated throughout the budget…
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In the history of Burundi, there has never been any publication of the army’s annual needs assessments or of the resulting purchases. The relevant…
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Defence purchases are rarely published. Occasionally, there are documents about food purchases in military camps. The total amount may be announced but there is…
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Data is rarely published, and on the rare occasions that it is, it is aggregate information that is not easy to read [1] [2].…
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62
0/100
What procedures and standards are companies required to have – such as compliance programmes and business conduct programmes – in order to be able to bid for work for the Ministry of Defence or armed forces?
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There are no established laws or procedures on how the government chooses its suppliers or subcontractors. Suppliers are not required to sign anti-corruption clauses…
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There are no established laws or procedures on how the government chooses its suppliers or subcontractors so this indicator is marked Not Applicable. [1][2]
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63
8/100
Are procurement requirements derived from a national defence and security strategy, and are procurement decisions well-audited? Are defence purchases based on clearly identified and quantified requirements?
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There is no well-established defence and security strategy in Burundi. Procurement cannot therefore be based on a defence and security strategy that does not…
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The Inspectorate General of the Ministry of Defence can control or audit certain purchases within the army [1], but external bodies such as parliament…
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As there is no well-established defence strategy or clear forecasts for procurement [1], purchases are often made opportunistically at the whim and according to…
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64
0/100
Is defence procurement generally conducted as open competition or is there a significant element of single-sourcing (that is, without competition)?
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There is no competition in Burundi’s defence procurement sector. The government works with a number of prefered suppliers. There are people who are always…
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No supervisory body is able to monitor or question the procedures or competition process for obtaining contracts within the defence sector [1] [2].
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65
6/100
Are tender boards subject to regulations and codes of conduct and are their decisions subject to independent audit to ensure due process and fairness?
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Article 355 of the Public Procurement Code regulates aspects relating to conflicts of interest. In particular, it prohibits civil servants involved in the public…
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There is no audit trail that would allow the control agencies to know the details of the people involved in designing invitations to tender,…
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The Public Procurement code which provide some regulations and code of conduct is publicly available online. [1] However, there is no transparency in the…
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There is no external verification of the particular specifications of calls for tender. The bodies that do try to look into this matter come…
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66
13/100
Does the country have legislation in place to discourage and punish collusion between bidders for defence and security contracts?
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Article 361.1 of the Public Procurement Code prohibits collusion between bidders. It states that bidders that engage in collusion practices will incur penalties[1]. However…
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In theory, officials have the authority to pubish collusion. According to article 362 of the the Public Procurement Code , various sanctions exist to…
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According to discussions with various people, cases of collusion certainly exist, but they are not publisicised. [1] [2] [3].
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There is no specific training on collusion for officials responsible for awarding public contracts [1] [2].
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67
13/100
Are there mechanisms and procedures that ensure that contractors meet their obligations on reporting and delivery?
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The Public Procurement Law mentions in its articles 256 to 259 the conditions for good execution and delivery. Articles 270 and 272 discuss sanctions…
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In the absence of well-established policies or procedures in this area, reporting on contractors’ compliance with their obligations is not transparent [1] [2]. It…
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Reports on the monitoring and completion of contracts are regularly produced and submitted to line managers, but they do not give rise to legal…
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It is not at all clear that the various breaches of contract are followed by appropriate action. The secrecy surrounding the whole process makes…
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68
33/100
Are there mechanisms in place to allow companies to complain about perceived malpractice in procurement, and are companies protected from discrimination when they use these mechanisms?
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The Public Procurement Code provides for recourse mechanisms that individuals and legal entities can use to lodge complaints against poor procurement practices. These include…
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Public procurement review mechanisms are ineffective and rarely used in the defence sector. The secrecy and intimidation which characterizse this sector are among the…
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Legal entities and individuals bidding for public contracts are afraid to file complaints in the defence sector, because they are convinced that they will…
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The Public Procurement Code clearly stipulates that individuals or legal entities who have been convicted of corruption or who present clear evidence of corruption-related…
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The lack of investigation or prosecution of corrupt suppliers is obvious [1]. In fact, most of the major suppliers in the defence sector have…
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There is no information on any sanctions against corrupt suppliers and these corrupt suppliers continue to benefit from other contracts regardless of their previous…
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70
0/100
When negotiating offset contracts, does the government specifically address corruption risk by imposing anti-corruption due diligence on contractors and third parties?
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In Burundi, there are no formal policies or procedures regarding reporting and delivery obligations under offset contracts. It depends on the compromise between the…
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Details regarding offset contracts are not provided. [1] [2] The obscurity which marks the public procurement process in Burundi in general and the Defence…
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Public procurement managers provide regular reports on offset contracts. These reports are produced after each contract. They are checked separately by the Inspectorate General,…
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There is a chain of compromises regarding the performance of these offset contracts that means that supplier failures are not reported. The reports are…
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Single-source offset contracts are not justified . They are entered into at the discretion of senior military officials, who issue directives to procurement officers…
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73
0/100
How strongly does the government control the company’s use of agents and intermediaries in the procurement cycle?
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There are no restrictions from the government on the use of agents and intermediaries and the government often uses agents and intermediaries in the…
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There are no restrictions from the government on the use of agents and intermediaries. Therefore, this indicator is marked Not Applicable. [1][2]
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74
0/100
Are the principal aspects of the financing package surrounding major arms deals, (such as payment timelines, interest rates, commercial loans or export credit agreements) made publicly available prior to the signing of contracts?
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There are no details relating to the financial aspects of arms contracts made public either before or after the signing of the contract or…
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75
NS/100
How common is it for defence acquisition decisions to be based on political influence by selling nations?
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This indicator is not assigned a score in the GDI. Burundi’s main arms suppliers are Russia and China and these two countries have long…
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This indicator is not assigned a score in the GDI. The Burundi government sometimes cites the need to strenghthen its military capacity as the…
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This indicator is not assigned a score in the GDI. It is clear that members of the political and military elite are under the…
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0
NA/100
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Government Policy
Q57
NA/100
Does the country have legislation covering defence and security procurement with clauses specific to corruption risks, and are any items exempt from these laws?
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Q58
NA/100
Is the defence procurement cycle process, from assessment of needs, through contract implementation and sign-off, all the way to asset disposal, disclosed to the public?
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Q59
NA/100
Are defence procurement oversight mechanisms in place and are these oversight mechanisms active and transparent?
View QuestionCapability Gap and Requirements Definition
Q62
NA/100
What procedures and standards are companies required to have – such as compliance programmes and business conduct programmes – in order to be able to bid for work for the Ministry of Defence or armed forces?
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Q63
NA/100
Are procurement requirements derived from a national defence and security strategy, and are procurement decisions well-audited? Are defence purchases based on clearly identified and quantified requirements?
View QuestionTender Solicitation, Assessment and Contract Award
Q64
NA/100
Is defence procurement generally conducted as open competition or is there a significant element of single-sourcing (that is, without competition)?
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Q65
NA/100
Are tender boards subject to regulations and codes of conduct and are their decisions subject to independent audit to ensure due process and fairness?
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Q66
NA/100
Does the country have legislation in place to discourage and punish collusion between bidders for defence and security contracts?
View QuestionContract Delivery and In-Service Support
Q67
NA/100
Are there mechanisms and procedures that ensure that contractors meet their obligations on reporting and delivery?
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Q68
NA/100
Are there mechanisms in place to allow companies to complain about perceived malpractice in procurement, and are companies protected from discrimination when they use these mechanisms?
View QuestionOffset Contracts
Q70
NA/100
When negotiating offset contracts, does the government specifically address corruption risk by imposing anti-corruption due diligence on contractors and third parties?
View QuestionAgents / Brokers
Q73
NA/100
How strongly does the government control the company’s use of agents and intermediaries in the procurement cycle?
View QuestionFinancing Package
Q74
NA/100
Are the principal aspects of the financing package surrounding major arms deals, (such as payment timelines, interest rates, commercial loans or export credit agreements) made publicly available prior to the signing of contracts?
View QuestionSeller Influence
Q75
NA/100