Personnel Risk:
Low
Score:
73/100
Leadership Behaviour
Q34
25/100
Do the Defence Ministry, Defence Minister, Chiefs of Defence, and Single Service Chiefs publicly commit, through, for example, speeches, media interviews, or political mandates, to anti-corruption and integrity measures?
View Question
There is little communication about corruption specifically – likely, because in its traditional form it is a minor issue in Finland. For example, see…
Explore
There is little communication about corruption specifically – likely, because in its traditional form it is a minor issue in Finland. See e.g. Transparency…
Explore
There is little communication about corruption specifically – likely, because in its traditional form it is a minor issue in Finland. See e.g. Transparency…
Explore
Q35
100/100
Are there effective measures in place for personnel found to have taken part in forms of bribery and corruption, and is there evidence that these measures are being carried out?
View Question
The Criminal Code of Finland, Chpt 40, Section 1: If a public official, for his or her actions while in service, for himself or…
Explore
There have been cases of, for example, suspected nepotism in the intake of the Airforces flight school that led to pre-trial investigation and prosecution…
Explore
Q36
25/100
Is whistleblowing encouraged by the government, and are whistle-blowers in military and defence ministries afforded adequate protection from reprisal for reporting evidence of corruption, in both law and practice?
View Question
The EU whistleblowing directive (2019/1937) came to force in October 2019. According to it, the member states must incorporate it to their national legislations…
Explore
In August 2019, it was reported in the media that the Defence Forces will establish a digital reporting/whisleblowing channel for the personnel. The trial…
Explore
As the legislative process in on-going and the whistleblowing channel in the Defence Forces is only in its early trial phase, this indicator cannot…
Explore
Q37
63/100
Is special attention paid to the selection, time in post, and oversight of personnel in sensitive positions, including officials and personnel in defence procurement, contracting, financial management, and commercial management?
View Question
In its written response the Headquarters of the Defence Forces emphasises that Security Clearance Act 726/2014 has come into force on January 1, 2015.…
Explore
As outlined in 37A, whilst there are positions which require a higher security clearance, positions which are more sensitive to corruption risk are not…
Explore
This indicator is marked ‘Not Enough Information’ as there is no specific information publicly available about the internal oversight in the ministry of defence…
Explore
Payroll, Promotions, Appointments, Rewards
Q38
75/100
Is the number of civilian and military personnel accurately known and publicly available?
View Question
The Defence Forces publishes the Final Personnel Accounts as a separate annual publication. In the publication, the amount of total personnel is provided and…
Explore
The Defence Forces publishes the Final Personnel Accounts as a separate annual publication. In the publication, the amount of total personnel is provided and…
Explore
Research has revelaed no reports, indications, or accusations of ghost soldiers being an issue during the period 2016-2020.
Explore
Q39
63/100
Are pay rates and allowances for civilian and military personnel openly published?
View Question
Pay tables and collective labour agreements in force in the Defence Forces are available on the website of the Ministry of Defence. However, those…
Explore
In addition to collective labour agreements (available on the website of the Ministry of Defence), the Act on Contracts of Employment and the Act…
Explore
Q40
83/100
Do personnel receive the correct pay on time, and is the system of payment well-established, routine, and published?
View Question
There are no news stories about the Defence Forces not paying salaries on time. The last time such stories existed was in 2011 and…
Explore
There are no news stories about the Defence Forces not paying correct salaries. Occasionally this happens when, for example, a person’s tasks or job…
Explore
Pay tables and collective labour agreements in force in the Defence Forces are available on the website of the Ministry of Defence. These include…
Explore
Q41
50/100
Is there an established, independent, transparent, and objective appointment system for the selection of military personnel at middle and top management level?
View Question
According to a written response of the Headquarters of the Defence Forces, the Defence Forces has its own orders on personnel matters based on…
Explore
Parliament does not have the authority to scrutinise the appointment of officers however, the promotion or appointment of senior staff to high seniority MoD…
Explore
Information on the promotion process publicly available are the laws referred to in response of the Headquarters of the Defence Forces, including Act on…
Explore
Q42
88/100
Are personnel promoted through an objective, meritocratic process? Such a process would include promotion boards outside of the command chain, strong formal appraisal processes, and independent oversight.
View Question
According to a written response provided by the Headquarters of the Defence Forces [1], officers’ posts are defined as military posts in the Decree…
Explore
According to a written response provided by the Headquarters of the Defence Forces, officers’ posts are defined as military posts in the Decree on…
Explore
The Defence Forces issues press releases on new postings in advance. These are available e.g. on the website of the Defence Forces. [1] Sotilasaikauslehti…
Explore
The Defence Forces issues press releases on new postings in advance. These are available e.g. on the website of the Defence Forces. [1] Sotilasaikauslehti…
Explore
Conscription and Recruitment
Q43
83/100
Where compulsory conscription occurs, is there a policy of not accepting bribes for avoiding conscription? Are there appropriate procedures in place to deal with such bribery, and are they applied?
View Question
Act on State Civil Servants, Chpt 4, Section 15 states: A civil servant may not ask or accept financial or other benefit, when it…
Explore
Sanctions exist in law and this includes criminal prosecution/incarceration, dismissal, and considerable financial penalties. The Criminal Code of Finland, Chpt 40, Section 1 states:…
Explore
There are no reports of situations where appropriate sanctioning did not take place. In practice, avoiding military or civil service by bribing someone is…
Explore
Q44
100/100
is there a policy of refusing bribes to gain preferred postings? Are there appropriate procedures in place to deal with such bribery, and are they applied?
View Question
Act on State Civil Servants, Chpt 4, Section 15 states: A civil servant may not ask or accept financial or other benefit, when it…
Explore
Act on the Defence Forces, chpt 4, section 48 states: A professional soldier who relevantly or continuously acts against or neglects his duties may…
Explore
There are no reports on appropriate sanctioning not having taken place from media sources or court rulings. Although bribery is very rare in Finland,…
Explore
Salary Chain
Superiors cannot arbitrarily influence the payment of employees. Payment of each employee consists of task specific payment and personal performance level payment [1]. Payments…
Explore
Values and Standards
Q46
58/100
Is there a Code of Conduct for all military personnel that includes, but is not limited to, guidance with respect to bribery, gifts and hospitality, conflicts of interest, and post-separation activities? Is there evidence that breaches of the Code of Conduct are effectively addressed?
View Question
The Yleinen palvelusohjesääntö [General Service Code] specifies a number of things, including for example in section 1, part 13 that “A soldier shall not…
Explore
The two aforementioned norms cannot be found online. [1] However, they may be available upon request. Acts, norms, and other guidance is distributed within…
Explore
There have been cases of e.g. suspected nepotism in the intake of the Airforces flight school that led to pre-trial investigation and prosecution and…
Explore
There is not enough information to score this indicator. According to a written response provided by the Headquarters of the Defence Forces, the following…
Explore
Q47
58/100
Is there a Code of Conduct for all civilian personnel that includes, but is not limited to, guidance with respect to bribery, gifts and hospitality, conflicts of interest, and post-separation activities? Is there evidence that breaches of the Code of Conduct are effectively addressed?
View Question
According to a written response provided by the Headquarters of the Defence Forces, the following two norms have been given in the Defence Forces:…
Explore
The two aforementioned norms cannot be found online [1]. However, they may be available upon request. Acts, norms, and other guidance is distributed, for…
Explore
Act on State Civil Servants, Decree on State Civil Servants, and the Criminal Code of Finland regulate on malfeasance and other misbehaviour of state…
Explore
There is not enough information to score this indicator. According to a written response provided by the Headquarters of the Defence Forces, the following…
Explore
Q48
NEI/100
Does regular anti-corruption training take place for military and civilian personnel?
View Question
There is no publicly available information on training that is specifically focused on anti-corruption taking place. However, according to a written response provided by…
Explore
There is not enough information to score this indicator, as no there is no publicly available data on training that is specifically focused on…
Explore
There is not enough information to score this indicator, as no there is no publicly available data on training that is specifically focused on…
Explore
Q49
100/100
Is there a policy to make public outcomes of the prosecution of defence services personnel for corrupt activities, and is there evidence of effective prosecutions in recent years?
View Question
In times of peace, there are no separate military courts but prosecution of defence services personnel takes place in the normal court system (only…
Explore
As noted in 49A, every single Finish court ruling is automatically made public and this includes the details of those related to military and…
Explore
Military crime cases are considered as urgent and treated accordingly by the prosecutor and by the court. [1] There have been cases of suspected…
Explore
Q50
100/100
Are there effective measures in place to discourage facilitation payments (which are illegal in almost all countries)?
View Question
Facilitation payments are not differentiated from bribes in the legislation. Bribery is criminalised in the Criminal Code of Finland in chapter 40, sections 1-3…
Explore
There is not enough information to score this indicator. As noted in 50A, all court cases in Finland are made public and there is…
Explore
There have been no court cases and/or media reports on faciliation payments paid or tried over the past five years.
Explore