Personnel Risk:
Low
Score:
73/100
Leadership Behaviour
Q34
75/100
Do the Defence Ministry, Defence Minister, Chiefs of Defence, and Single Service Chiefs publicly commit, through, for example, speeches, media interviews, or political mandates, to anti-corruption and integrity measures?
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The current government’s election success in 2014 was centred on bringing greater transparency in governance and combating corruption [1]. Prime Minister Modi has sought…
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Defence Ministers who have served under the current government Parrikar and Sitharaman have been vocal about commitments to anti-corruption measures [1][2][3]. This has been…
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There is some evidence that Unit commanders and leaders make public statements about moral codes and conduct, recognition of issues that need to be…
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Q35
75/100
Are there effective measures in place for personnel found to have taken part in forms of bribery and corruption, and is there evidence that these measures are being carried out?
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Q36
17/100
Is whistleblowing encouraged by the government, and are whistle-blowers in military and defence ministries afforded adequate protection from reprisal for reporting evidence of corruption, in both law and practice?
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Whistleblowing is neither explicitly encouraged nor discouraged by the government; legal provisions are in place to support and protect whistleblowers through the Whistle Blowers…
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As alluded to above, whistleblower law applies to the defence sector. In 2016, the then Defence Minister Manohar Parrikar gave the go-ahead to improve…
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Under the current Whistle Blowers Act, 2014 and proposed amended Bill, the law empowers the competent authorities to accord whistleblowers protection and penalising those…
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Q37
58/100
Is special attention paid to the selection, time in post, and oversight of personnel in sensitive positions, including officials and personnel in defence procurement, contracting, financial management, and commercial management?
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There is evidence to suggest that some special attention is paid to the selection, time in post and oversight of personnel in sensitive positions.…
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There has been criticism of the government’s 2009 Command Exit Model (CEM) [1]. The Armed Forces Tribunal (AFT) had remarked that the CEM was…
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The government has a number of oversight mechanisms in place in the defence sector. These include CAG, CVC and Parliamentary committees who look into…
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Payroll, Promotions, Appointments, Rewards
Q38
42/100
Is the number of civilian and military personnel accurately known and publicly available?
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There is a plethora of information on organisation, structure and command available across the Indian government’s defence websites but Force strengths are not easily…
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As stated above, data directly from government sources is not easily attainable [1]. The Open Government Data Platform can yield some results but requires…
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In the previous Government Defence Anti-Corruption Index 2015: India report, a case of ghost soldiers was documented. Since then, there has been no information…
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Q39
100/100
Are pay rates and allowances for civilian and military personnel openly published?
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Pay rates for civilian and military personnel in a disaggregated form are openly published and available for public viewing via the Armed Forces’ websites,…
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Allowances for civilian and military personnel are openly published and available for public viewing via the MoD website, Armed Forces’ websites, recruitment portals and…
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Q40
100/100
Do personnel receive the correct pay on time, and is the system of payment well-established, routine, and published?
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Personnel receive the correct pay on time [1]. Pay and allowances of Personnel Below Officer Rank (PBOR) of the Indian Army including JCOs holding…
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Personnel generally receive the accurate pay on time. After analysing records, there seems to be no grievances surrounding accuracy of monthly pay [1]. Grievances…
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Information on personnel pay, allowances and systems are publicly available and comprehensive; including pay brackets for all ranks, disaggregated by seniority, calculation methods, permitted…
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Q41
58/100
Is there an established, independent, transparent, and objective appointment system for the selection of military personnel at middle and top management level?
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There is an established appointment system for the selection of military personnel at middle and top management level. Appointments to the level of Lieutenant…
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Information on the appointment process is publicly available. There does not seem to be official scrutiny by Parliament of senior appointments. An expert states…
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Appointments are released through formal and informal mechanisms. Specific selection criteria is not always publicly available. According to a government Press release in August…
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Q42
75/100
Are personnel promoted through an objective, meritocratic process? Such a process would include promotion boards outside of the command chain, strong formal appraisal processes, and independent oversight.
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In theory, the promotions mechanism is objective and meritocratic across the branches. A Special Promotions Board makes recommendations based on criteria such as length…
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In the case of high-level appointments, the ACC is the supreme authority in monitoring and permitting appointments [1]. Therefore a Force cannot in theory,…
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Information on rank, promotion timescales and policies are publicly available [1][2][3]. Promotions are published on a weekly basis in The Gazette of India, both…
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As aforementioned, promotions are published on a weekly basis in The Gazette of India both in print and digital for online distribution. Name, rank,…
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Conscription and Recruitment
Q43
NA/100
Where compulsory conscription occurs, is there a policy of not accepting bribes for avoiding conscription? Are there appropriate procedures in place to deal with such bribery, and are they applied?
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This indicator has been scored Not Applicable, as India does not have compulsory conscription. There has been debate on whether to introduce it to…
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India does not have compulsory conscription [1][2][3]. As such, this indicator has been scored Not Applicable.
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India does not have compulsory conscription [1][2][3]. As such, this indicator has been scored Not Applicable.
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Q44
92/100
is there a policy of refusing bribes to gain preferred postings? Are there appropriate procedures in place to deal with such bribery, and are they applied?
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There is no specific policy relating to bribery for soliciting preferred postings. All nation-wide anti-corruption policies and legislation are applicable to the defence sector.…
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Technically, as bribery is an offence in the Armed Forces, sanctions for any bribery offence include criminal prosecution/incarceration and dismissal and the aforementioned can…
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There is evidence to suggest that cases are being investigated through formal procedures. In 2017, the CBI arrested Army officials including a Lt. Colonel…
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Salary Chain
Chains of command are separate from chains of payment. The Defence Accounts Department (DAD) comes under the Ministry of Defence with the Controller General…
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Values and Standards
Q46
94/100
Is there a Code of Conduct for all military personnel that includes, but is not limited to, guidance with respect to bribery, gifts and hospitality, conflicts of interest, and post-separation activities? Is there evidence that breaches of the Code of Conduct are effectively addressed?
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There is no single code of conduct that applies to all military personnel but as alluded to in Q.35, the Armed Forces have an…
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The Acts which encompass codes of conduct are incorporated during cadet/officer training. All defence academies and colleges in India state the importance of a…
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As alluded to earlier, there is evidence to suggest that breaches of codes of conduct are being investigated through formal procedures. In 2017 after…
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The Acts which encompass codes of conduct are communicated to personnel during cadet/officer training [1][2][3].
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Q47
94/100
Is there a Code of Conduct for all civilian personnel that includes, but is not limited to, guidance with respect to bribery, gifts and hospitality, conflicts of interest, and post-separation activities? Is there evidence that breaches of the Code of Conduct are effectively addressed?
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There is no unified Code of Conduct but civil servants in India are bound by codes of conduct as prescribed in the All India…
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Codes of conduct are given to civilian personnel and are publicly available [1][2][3][4].
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There is evidence of breaches of conduct by civilian personnel being investigated. During 2016-2017, 16 disciplinary cases of Group ‘A’ officers in the Department…
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Guidance on the codes of conduct is included in induction training and strict adherence is expected throughout employment [1][2][3][4][5].
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Q48
67/100
Does regular anti-corruption training take place for military and civilian personnel?
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Some level of anti-corruption training takes place for all military and civilian personnel. As per the directives of the Central Vigilance Commission (CVC), training…
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As stated earlier, there is evidence of annual anti-corruption training as part of CVC directives and Vigilance Awareness Week [1][2]. The MoD has publicly…
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From what minimal information can be found, there is evidence of anti-corruption training covering all MoD departments, organisations and units such as the Navy,…
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Q49
58/100
Is there a policy to make public outcomes of the prosecution of defence services personnel for corrupt activities, and is there evidence of effective prosecutions in recent years?
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There is some evidence of policies in existence that require the outcomes of the prosecution of defence personnel to be made public. The Defence…
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There is material on charges and results of prosecutions publicly available. Cases include both lower and higher ranking officers and officials. Information is available…
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Cases of corruption are investigated and prosecuted [1][2]. Concerns lay with the duration of the judicial process, with convictions taking multiple years in some…
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Q50
58/100
Are there effective measures in place to discourage facilitation payments (which are illegal in almost all countries)?
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Facilitation payments are illegal in India and punishable under the Indian Penal Code (IPC),1860 and the Prevention of Corruption (Amendment) Act (PCA), 2018 [1][2].
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According to the CBI, 3,296 corruption cases were registered under the PCA, 1988, between 2010 and 2015. Out of these 2,187 were charge-sheeted and…
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India has a poor reputation for corruption in the public sector. In 2017, EY and the Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce & Industry…
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