Personnel Risk:
Moderate
Score:
53/100
Leadership Behaviour
Q34
42/100
Do the Defence Ministry, Defence Minister, Chiefs of Defence, and Single Service Chiefs publicly commit, through, for example, speeches, media interviews, or political mandates, to anti-corruption and integrity measures?
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Internal commitment to tackling corruption risks within the MoD can be observed in the regular adoption of annual integrity building plans for 13 institutions…
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Commitment to integrity building in public communications depends to a great extent on the personal engagement of the minister and the MoD and SAF…
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The MoD and SAF representatives have continued to participate in integrity building activities and public events. However, commitment comes down to occasional individual efforts…
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Q35
63/100
Are there effective measures in place for personnel found to have taken part in forms of bribery and corruption, and is there evidence that these measures are being carried out?
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Criminal Code recognises different types of offences against official duty, including abuse of office, bribery, embezzlement and influence peddling, as criminal offences. Sanctions vary…
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Between 2016 and 2017, two disciplinary procedures for breaches of discipline foreseen by the Law on SAF were conducted. In one case a disciplinary…
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Q36
50/100
Is whistleblowing encouraged by the government, and are whistle-blowers in military and defence ministries afforded adequate protection from reprisal for reporting evidence of corruption, in both law and practice?
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The Law on Whistleblowers Protection was adopted by the National Assembly in December 2014 and came into force in June 2015 [1]. The law…
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Encouragement of whistleblowing in the MoD and SAF is the legal obligation of the employer; they have to post the bylaw on a visible…
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Since November 2017, the authorized person has received nine claims and conducted six procedures. According to its response to the BCSP questionnaire, the MoD…
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Q37
0/100
Is special attention paid to the selection, time in post, and oversight of personnel in sensitive positions, including officials and personnel in defence procurement, contracting, financial management, and commercial management?
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According to the overview of the integrity plan for 2017, a list of sensitive positions within the MoD exists [1], however, the list is…
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It is not clear whether the list of sensitive positions within the MoD and SAF has been determined due to the contradictory information provided…
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It is not clear whether the list of sensitive positions within the MoD and SAF has been determined due to the contradictory information provided…
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Payroll, Promotions, Appointments, Rewards
Q38
33/100
Is the number of civilian and military personnel accurately known and publicly available?
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Since the number of civilian and military personnel is confidential in Serbia, the score on accuracy and frequency of updating this information cannot be…
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A bylaw which regulates the number of MoD and SAF members is confidential [1]. The media occasionally publish estimations; estimates range from 28,000 to…
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There is no evidence or reports in the media on the existence of ghost soldiers in the preceding period. No cases, were found on…
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Q39
88/100
Are pay rates and allowances for civilian and military personnel openly published?
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Information on the average salaries in the MoD and SAF, divided by rank, is regularly updated and openly published on the MoD’s website [1].…
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Information on the total amount of resources distributed for allowances is published together with the summary of funds allocated and spent on salaries [1].The…
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Q40
75/100
Do personnel receive the correct pay on time, and is the system of payment well-established, routine, and published?
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There is no evidence of untimely payments within the MoD and SAF in the previous two years. However, the long-term problem of overdue wages…
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Payment and allowances system within the MoD and SAF is regulated with bylaws [1, 2]. The Government determines the basis for salaries calculation for…
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Bylaws regulating the payment and allowances system can be found in the Official Military Gazette, a public bulletin that contains all the legal acts…
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Q41
25/100
Is there an established, independent, transparent, and objective appointment system for the selection of military personnel at middle and top management level?
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Appointment of senior military personnel is regulated with a bylaw [1], whereas the Law on civil servants determines the criteria for appointing civilian personnel…
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There is no oversight over the appointment of senior military and civilian personnel at the MoD and SAF outside of the chain of command…
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While all the decisions on the appointment of civilian personnel are publicly available on the government’s website, the process and criteria for the appointment…
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Q42
50/100
Are personnel promoted through an objective, meritocratic process? Such a process would include promotion boards outside of the command chain, strong formal appraisal processes, and independent oversight.
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Criteria for the promotion to high-ranking positions are detailly regulated with a law and a bylaw [1, 2]. Some of the following general conditions…
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The President of the Republic can temporarily promote a professional military officer into an immediately higher rank during his/her service in multinational operations or…
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Organisational units on the operational level of command, within General Staff of the SAF or Ministry of Defence determine candidate lists for the promotion…
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This indicator has been scored Not Applicable, as little to no information is published.
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Conscription and Recruitment
Q43
NA/100
Where compulsory conscription occurs, is there a policy of not accepting bribes for avoiding conscription? Are there appropriate procedures in place to deal with such bribery, and are they applied?
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Serbia suspended mandatory conscription in 2011 [1], as such this indicator is scored Not Applicable.
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Serbia suspended mandatory conscription in 2011 [1], as such this indicator is scored Not Applicable.
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Serbia suspended mandatory conscription in 2011 [1], as such this indicator is scored Not Applicable.
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Q44
100/100
is there a policy of refusing bribes to gain preferred postings? Are there appropriate procedures in place to deal with such bribery, and are they applied?
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A series of legal acts, which can be applied to military and civilian personnel within the defence system, recognises the taking or giving bribery…
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Disciplinary sanctions for civilians, as envisaged by the Law on Civil Servants, range from salary cuts to ban on promotion or dismissal from work…
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There is not enough information to score this indicator. According to its response to BCSP questionnaire, the MoD does not keep central records on…
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Salary Chain
Chains of command are strictly separated from chains of payment throughout the ministry and armed forces. According to the Law on Serbian Armed Forces,…
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Values and Standards
Q46
NEI/100
Is there a Code of Conduct for all military personnel that includes, but is not limited to, guidance with respect to bribery, gifts and hospitality, conflicts of interest, and post-separation activities? Is there evidence that breaches of the Code of Conduct are effectively addressed?
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The Code of Honor of the Serbian Armed Forces has separate codes for different categories of military personnel (officers, non-commissioned officers and soldiers) [1].…
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The Code of Honor is published in the Official Military Gazette, where all the MoD and SAF legal acts and bylaws are published. It…
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There is no evidence available on past or ongoing investigations regarding the violations of the Code of Honor. A violation of the Code of…
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There is no evidence available to establish whether guidance on the code of conduct is available to all military personnel and/ or is included…
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Q47
NEI/100
Is there a Code of Conduct for all civilian personnel that includes, but is not limited to, guidance with respect to bribery, gifts and hospitality, conflicts of interest, and post-separation activities? Is there evidence that breaches of the Code of Conduct are effectively addressed?
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The Code of Honor of the Serbian Armed Forces also covers civilians within the armed forces and the MoD. The part of the code…
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The Code of Honor is published in the Official Military Gazette, where all the MoD and SAF legal acts and bylaws are published. It…
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There is not enough information to score this indicator. The Code of Honor does not have sanctions for its breaches, other than ethical responsibility…
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There is no evidence available on whether guidance on the code of conduct is included in induction training for all civilian personnel [1].
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Q48
17/100
Does regular anti-corruption training take place for military and civilian personnel?
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Systematic anti-corruption training has not been established within the MoD and SAF yet, as such, it is difficult to evaluate the comprehensiveness of the…
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Other than the course included in the teaching programme at the Military Academy, training on anti-corruption does not happen regularly. MoD and SAF members…
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The number of personnel included in anti-corruption courses is relatively small. There is still no systematic training on risks of corruption and integrity building…
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Q49
25/100
Is there a policy to make public outcomes of the prosecution of defence services personnel for corrupt activities, and is there evidence of effective prosecutions in recent years?
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Policy for making outcomes of prosecutions public does not exist within the current legislative framework, which regulates the defence system [1, 2].
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Information on prosecution outcomes is rarely made public. The archive on the MoD website does not contain any announcements containing information about the outcomes…
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Since information on the outcomes of trials is not made public, it is difficult to comprehensively assess the effectiveness of prosecuting corrupt cases of…
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Q50
75/100
Are there effective measures in place to discourage facilitation payments (which are illegal in almost all countries)?
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Facilitation payments are recognised as a criminal offence by the Criminal Code (Art. 367 and 368) under bribery, which prohibits the acts of both…
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There is not enough information to score this indicator, According to the MoD’s response to the BCSP questionnaire, there are no central records on…
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According to the media reports, cases related to bribery seem to occur in the field of military medicine most often. In March 2018, there…
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