Procurement Risk:
Low
Score:
74/100
Government Policy
Q57
100/100
Does the country have legislation covering defence and security procurement with clauses specific to corruption risks, and are any items exempt from these laws?
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This indicator is not assigned a score in the GDI. Defence procurement is clearly legislated, well organised and based on rigorous technical evaluations. The…
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DSTA legislation does not make reference to corruption and there is no specific legislation that governs corruption in defence procurement activities risks. However, the…
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There is historical and recent evidence to suggest that the MINDEF and the DSTA have consistently delivered major acquisition programmes in line with stated…
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Q58
58/100
Is the defence procurement cycle process, from assessment of needs, through contract implementation and sign-off, all the way to asset disposal, disclosed to the public?
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There is evidence of a formal defence procurement system that includes initial processes such as requirement definition, to the formulation of sourcing strategy, contract…
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Although it has outlined its procurement policies, MINDEF and the Singapore Armed Forces (SAF) have in practice generally refrained from releasing detailed information on…
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Procurement policies and procedures have been explicitly articulated by the MINDEF and its primary contracting agency Defence Science and Technology Agency (DSTA) [1, 2,…
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Q59
83/100
Are defence procurement oversight mechanisms in place and are these oversight mechanisms active and transparent?
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There is a clear separation of powers between the executive and other organs of state in order to prevent undue influence and maintain a…
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The Attorney General’s Office (AGO) has demonstrated an ability to access contracting documents and relevant information to investigate any anomalies within the defence procurement…
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The Attorney General’s Office (AGO) publicly reveals anomalies within the defence procurement system via its reports and has announced several instances of malpractice for…
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The Ministry of Defence (MINDEF) has outlined a roadmap for the modernisation of the Singapore Armed Forces (SAF) with extensive details on the required…
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The MINDEF does not generally release public information on its specific requirements for most procurement programmes, and when it does there appears to be…
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Most big-ticket defence acquisitions – such as combat aircraft, major naval combatants, and armoured vehicles – are typically announced to the public via the…
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General data on defence acquisitions is sometimes released to the media and general public via official announcements and fact sheets [1, 2]. However, not…
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Capability Gap and Requirements Definition
Q62
63/100
What procedures and standards are companies required to have – such as compliance programmes and business conduct programmes – in order to be able to bid for work for the Ministry of Defence or armed forces?
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Singapore government procurement processes include safeguards in the form of contractual compliance with relevant anti-corruption and procurement legislation and regulations which include strict anti-corruption…
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There is no evidence to suggest that the Singapore government waives its anti-corruption policies for strategically important suppliers. Independent analysts have noted that there…
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Q63
100/100
Are procurement requirements derived from a national defence and security strategy, and are procurement decisions well-audited? Are defence purchases based on clearly identified and quantified requirements?
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Singapore’s defence policy, threat assessment, and procurement targets have been consistently and openly articulated during the annual Committee of Supply debates and Singapore Armed…
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All procurement decisions are subject to intense scrutiny by the Auditor General’s Office (AGO) [1]. The AGO has been recognised as an impartial auditing…
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There is no evidence that the Ministry of Defence (MINDEF) and the Singapore Armed Forces (SAF) engage in opportunistic or unplanned spending. Acquired equipment…
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Tender Solicitation, Assessment and Contract Award
Q64
63/100
Is defence procurement generally conducted as open competition or is there a significant element of single-sourcing (that is, without competition)?
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The Ministry of Defence (MINDEF) has a centralised system of procurement to acquire goods and services for civilian and military applications via the Defence…
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All single/sole-source and restricted competition contracts are generally discouraged and are subject to external scrutiny who have powers to question the selected contracting method,…
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Q65
81/100
Are tender boards subject to regulations and codes of conduct and are their decisions subject to independent audit to ensure due process and fairness?
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All Ministry of Defence (MINDEF) personnel are subject to regulations that are designed to eliminate conflicts of interest. For example, personnel must make mandatory…
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There is no publicly released information on audit processes for government spending, although there is clear legislation that contract authorisation is limited to a…
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As stated earlier, there are government-wide regulations and codes of conduct that specifically applies to procurement officials [1]. The Government Procurement Regulations clearly stipulate…
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There is evidence that there has been some degree of external verification on MINDEF and Singapore Armed Forces (SAF) tenders, although these largely relate…
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Q66
63/100
Does the country have legislation in place to discourage and punish collusion between bidders for defence and security contracts?
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Article 35 of the Competition Act prohibits “agreements between undertakings, decisions by associations of undertakings or concerted practices which have as their object or…
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There are clear policies in place that enable government procurement officers to exclude companies or company officials that have been convicted and/or suspected of…
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Cases are investigated via a robust set of internal audits as well as an independent auditor that has proven to be free from political…
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The MINDEF provides anti-corruption training and has emphasised that all personnel must adhere to civil service standards [1]. However, there is no evidence of…
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Contract Delivery and In-Service Support
Q67
75/100
Are there mechanisms and procedures that ensure that contractors meet their obligations on reporting and delivery?
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There are a robust set of policies and procedures that provide guidance on monitoring a supplier’s delivery and/or service obligations. These include guidelines on…
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Details of contractual obligations and/or modifications are not released to the public. However, it can be assumed that external auditing agencies such as the…
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There are structures in place to monitor contractors’ obligations, e.g. Contract Management Offices, dedicated Contract Managers to manage contracts established by MINDEF/SAF etc. Part…
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Contractual breaches are investigated and addressed via a robust set of internal audits as well as an independent auditor [1, 2]. The government has…
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Q68
100/100
Are there mechanisms in place to allow companies to complain about perceived malpractice in procurement, and are companies protected from discrimination when they use these mechanisms?
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There are several mechanisms for companies to flag up concerns to the government for perceived malpractice. The GeBIZ portal directs companies to the Ministry…
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There are generally no fees for reporting perceived malpractice in defence procurement, and industry members have expressed confidence in the reporting options available to…
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There is general confidence that there will be no retaliation or penalties for reporting suspected malpractice in good faith [1, 2].
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There are clear guidelines and grounds for debarment from government contracts, which include issues like providing false information and corruption [1]. Sanctions include financial…
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There is no evidence that undue political influence has been exerted on past investigations. The Auditor-General’s Office (AGO) is an external government agency that…
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Generally, sanctions are taken against corrupt contractors found guilty of corruption, and they also are liable for debarment and court prosecution.[1]. However, in cases…
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Offset Contracts
Q70
100/100
When negotiating offset contracts, does the government specifically address corruption risk by imposing anti-corruption due diligence on contractors and third parties?
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This indicator has been marked Not Applicable, as offset contracts are prohibited.
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This indicator has been marked Not Applicable, as offset contracts are prohibited.
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This indicator has been marked Not Applicable, as offset contracts are prohibited.
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This indicator has been marked Not Applicable, as offset contracts are prohibited.
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This indicator has been marked Not Applicable, as offset contracts are prohibited.
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Agents / Brokers
Q73
88/100
How strongly does the government control the company’s use of agents and intermediaries in the procurement cycle?
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Clearly defined punitive measures are stipulated within the overarching Prevention of Corruption Act for corrupt transactions with company’s agents [1]. Regulations are also in…
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There is evidence that sanctions and remedial actions have occurred as a result of agent violations, with the MINDEF publicly acknowledging recent lapses flagged…
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Financing Package
Q74
25/100
Are the principal aspects of the financing package surrounding major arms deals, (such as payment timelines, interest rates, commercial loans or export credit agreements) made publicly available prior to the signing of contracts?
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Details of the financing package behind procurement programmes are not released to the public. The only information available to the public on defence procurement…
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Seller Influence
Q75
NS/100
How common is it for defence acquisition decisions to be based on political influence by selling nations?
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This indicator is not assigned a score in the GDI. There is no evidence to suggest that procurement initiatives have been influenced by exporting…
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This indicator is not assigned a score in the GDI. Singapore’s defence procurement process is considered by independent observers to be well-organised and sophisticated…
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This indicator is not assigned a score in the GDI. There is no evidence suggesting procurement initiatives have been influenced by domestic political pressures…
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