Financial Risk:
Low
Score:
81/100
Asset Disposals
Q24
83/100
How effective are controls over the disposal of assets, and is information on these disposals, and the proceeds of their sale, transparent?
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There is an internal unit in charge of asset disposal that has among its responsibilities aggregating disposal database reports. The Institute of Housing, Infrastructure,…
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INVIED’s website gathers detailed information about defence asset disposal, which includes comprehensive and specific details on the items that are being sold, including the…
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INVIED publishes financial information on its website and annual accounting reports; they are available online [1, 2, 3, 4]. It publishes its financial results…
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Q25
67/100
Is independent and transparent scrutiny of asset disposals conducted by defence establishments, and are the reports of such scrutiny publicly available?
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The Institute of Housing, Infrastructure, and Equipment for Defence (Instituto de Vivienda, Infraestructura y Equipamiento de la Defensa (INVIED)) is subject to audits, permanent…
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The department in charge of auditing function, permanent financial control, and the public audit in the Ministry of Defence is the General Intervention of…
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The main audit reports of defence asset disposal are included in the annual accounts of INVIED, with only summary information about the institution activities.…
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Secret Budgets
Q26
75/100
What percentage of defence and security expenditure in the budget year is dedicated to spending on secret items relating to national security and the intelligence services?
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The most accurate figure on Spanish defence spending is from the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI). According to the SIPRI, in 2019 the…
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Q27
75/100
Is the legislature (or the appropriate legislative committee or members of the legislature) given full information for the budget year on the spending of all secret items relating to national security and military intelligence?
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The Spanish secret services, among them the National Intelligence Centre (CNI) and some military units, enter into the logic of national security, and there…
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Q28
63/100
Are audit reports of the annual accounts of the security sector (the military and intelligence services) subject to parliamentary debate?
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There are reports on the budgets of military security and intelligence services, but with a secret character [1, 2]. The Commission on Official Secrets…
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As mentioned in the previous subsection, the law regulates direct parliamentary control through a parliamentary commission. Its composition is supported by the Resolution of…
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Q29
100/100
In law, are off-budget military expenditures permitted, and if so, are they exceptional occurrences that are well-controlled? In practice, are there any off-budget military expenditures? If so, does evidence suggest this involves illicit economic activity?
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No evidence was found that off-budget military expenditures are permitted by law in Spain. Nevertheless, it is worth mentioning that the Spanish military budget,…
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As outlined in 29A, there are no off-budget military expenditures in Spain and therefore there is no recording mechanism. As such, this indicator is…
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There are no off-budget military expenditures in Spain [1, 2]
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Q30
75/100
Are mechanisms for accessing information from the defence sector effective?
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Transparency Law 19/2013 states that the information elements of active advertising have been grouped into six subjects: organisation and public employment; high ranks; statistical…
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This indicator Not Scored in the GDI. Organic Law 3/2018, of 5 December, on Protection of Personal Data and guarantee of digital rights puts…
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The Transparency Portal (transparency.gob.es) limits the ability to access defence information (Art. 14.1.b, Law 19/2013) as in other aspects related to security, economy, and…
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Q31
100/100
Do national defence and security institutions have beneficial ownership of commercial businesses? If so, how transparent are details of the operations and finances of such businesses?
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There are no commercial businesses owned or managed by defence institutions [1]. Nevertheless, there are some minor activities run by defence institutions, such as…
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This indicator is marked ‘Not Applicable’ as national defence and security institutions do not own any commercial businesses [1].
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Military-owned Businesses
Q32
100/100
Are military-owned businesses subject to transparent independent scrutiny at a recognised international standard?
View QuestionIllegal Private Enterprise
Q33
88/100
Is there evidence of unauthorised private enterprise by military or other defence ministry employees? If so, what is the government’s reaction to such enterprise?
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Military personnel are subject to conflict of interest of personnel of the service of public administrations, as stated in Article 2 of Law 53/1984,…
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Even though there is no evidence of unauthorised military companies, according to Interviewee 1c, sometimes there are companies of family members of military or…
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Actual Military Spending
Q77
63/100
Is comprehensive data on actual spending on defence published during the budget year?
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Article 135 of General Budgetary Law 47/2003 establishes that the General Intervention of the State Administration (IGAE) will publish regular reports on the execution…
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General Budgetary Law 47/2003 establishes in Article 37.2 [1] that the draft General State Budgets Law will be accompanied by complementary documentation with an…
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Article 135 of the General Budgetary Law 47/2003 [1] establishes that the General Intervention of the State Administration (IGAE) will make information on the…
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There are several publications on the execution of the overall budget that includes defence. All of them contain monthly, annual, and information on payments…
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