Personnel Risk:
Very Low
Score:
84/100
Leadership Behaviour
Q34
100/100
Do the Defence Ministry, Defence Minister, Chiefs of Defence, and Single Service Chiefs publicly commit, through, for example, speeches, media interviews, or political mandates, to anti-corruption and integrity measures?
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Integrity and anti-corruption are among key measures for the annual administrative plans of the Ministry of National Defence [1]. The Minister of National Defence,…
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MND’s commitment to integrity and anti-corruptions is also demonstrated by its working with journalists and civil society organisations via conferences and public discussions. One…
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The MND’s commitment to integrity and anti-corruption is evidenced by statements given by senior members of ministry staff and senior armed forces officers at…
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Q35
88/100
Are there effective measures in place for personnel found to have taken part in forms of bribery and corruption, and is there evidence that these measures are being carried out?
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Legal offences concerning the defence integrity and anti-corruption of the military are orchestrated in the 1) Criminal Code, 2) Armed Forces Punishment Act, 3)…
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Offences of corruption or bribery will be subject to the sanctions of the MND’s internal executive scrutinies, external legal investigations by the Investigation Bureau…
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Q36
42/100
Is whistleblowing encouraged by the government, and are whistle-blowers in military and defence ministries afforded adequate protection from reprisal for reporting evidence of corruption, in both law and practice?
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The general protection mechanisms for whistle-blowers in Taiwan are yet to be devised and are currently being developed [1, 2, 3]. As suggested by…
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Whistleblowing is encouraged through various platforms and events, including “Reporting Meeting of Ethics” [1], military integrity notification [2], internal hotlines (The MND 1985 Service…
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Taking the case of the COVID-19 outbreak in Taiwan’s Navy Friendship Flotilla, as an example, something that is rarely seen in Taiwan’s Military, the…
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Q37
50/100
Is special attention paid to the selection, time in post, and oversight of personnel in sensitive positions, including officials and personnel in defence procurement, contracting, financial management, and commercial management?
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The commissioning of military personnel is generally regulated by the “Act of Commission for Officers and Non-commissioned Officers of the Armed Forces” [1]. However,…
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The term “conflicts of interest” referred to in the “Act on Recusal of Public Servants Due to Conflicts of Interest” indicates that the public…
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The internal oversight mechanism of the Ministry of National Defence to scrutinise appointment and promotion decisions of personnel is provided by the “Personnel Reviewing Board” in…
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Payroll, Promotions, Appointments, Rewards
Q38
67/100
Is the number of civilian and military personnel accurately known and publicly available?
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The Ministry of National Defence indirectly discloses the number of personnel; within the section on the personnel maintaining budget in the annual defence budget…
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These indirect figures in summarised information are made public for further analysis and assessment by the Ministry of National Defence [1]. Summarised information with…
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Taiwan’s armed forces has not been presented with the problem of ghost soldiers in the last five years according the annual budgets released by…
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Q39
100/100
Are pay rates and allowances for civilian and military personnel openly published?
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Pay rates for all civilian and military personnel are published in service publications and disaggregated by rank [1]. Information in disaggregated formats is made…
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Allowances for all civilian and military personnel are openly published in service publications and disaggregated by rank [1]. Information, including criteria for eligibility and…
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Q40
100/100
Do personnel receive the correct pay on time, and is the system of payment well-established, routine, and published?
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The remuneration systems of Taiwan’s Armed Forces are extremely computerised in conjunction with the personnel management systems. Guidelines issued by the Ministry of National…
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The remuneration systems of Taiwan’s armed forces are extremely computerised in conjunction with the personnel management systems. Guidelines issued by the Ministry of National…
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The remuneration systems of Taiwan’s Armed Forces are extremely computerised in conjunction with the personnel management systems. Guidelines issued by the Ministry of National…
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Q41
42/100
Is there an established, independent, transparent, and objective appointment system for the selection of military personnel at middle and top management level?
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Personnel managements of Taiwan’s armed forces are regulated by laws, especially by the “Act of Military Service for Officers and Non-commissioned Officers of the…
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By law, the LY does not have parliamentary powers of personnel selection and appointment for either civilian officials or military officers [1, 2]. However,…
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Selections and appointments of high ranking military officers are under the direct authority of the Minister of National Defence and the President [1, 2,…
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Q42
69/100
Are personnel promoted through an objective, meritocratic process? Such a process would include promotion boards outside of the command chain, strong formal appraisal processes, and independent oversight.
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The mechanisms of the Personnel Review Board are required by law to be the formal process for personnel promotions in Taiwan’s armed forces and…
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The discretionary powers of the Minister of National Defence play an essential role in maintain the integrity of the selection process in accordance with…
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There are no requirements to release information of postings and promotions for equivalences in Taiwan’s military to NATO’s OF-4 officers and officers above OF-4…
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Details of postings and promotions are published semi-annually within the system and in advance of their effective date. According to the “Enforcement Rules of…
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Conscription and Recruitment
Q43
100/100
Where compulsory conscription occurs, is there a policy of not accepting bribes for avoiding conscription? Are there appropriate procedures in place to deal with such bribery, and are they applied?
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The Military Service System in Taiwan is strict regulated by laws. Currently, only four months of military training are required for young males in…
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Offences of corruption or bribery for avoiding compulsory conscription will subject to sanctions of criminal prosecution, incarceration, dismissal, or considerable financial penalties in accordance…
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Bribery for avoiding conscription will meet sentences from three to ten years of criminal charge according to the act of “Punishment Act for Violation…
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Q44
100/100
is there a policy of refusing bribes to gain preferred postings? Are there appropriate procedures in place to deal with such bribery, and are they applied?
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Bribary to gain a preferred posting in Taiwan’s armed forces is a serious offence against the laws of the 1) Criminal Code, 2) Armed…
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Offences of corruption or bribery to gain preferred postings will be subject to the sanctions of criminal prosecution, incarceration, dismissal, or considerable financial penalties…
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Bribery to gain a preferred posting will be met with a sentence of three to ten years of criminal charge according to the act…
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Salary Chain
The remuneration systems of Taiwan’s armed forces are computerised in conjunction with the personnel management systems. This system is directly managed and operated by…
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Values and Standards
Q46
100/100
Is there a Code of Conduct for all military personnel that includes, but is not limited to, guidance with respect to bribery, gifts and hospitality, conflicts of interest, and post-separation activities? Is there evidence that breaches of the Code of Conduct are effectively addressed?
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The Code of Conduct for Taiwan’s military concerning issues of ethics and integrity is well illustrated and regulated in the “Directive of Ethics and…
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Both the “Directive of Ethics and Integrity Guidelines for Military Personnel” and the “Directions of Ethics and Integrity Guidelines for Military Personnel” are available…
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Several cases illustrated in the Directions of Ethics & Integrity Guidelines for Military Personnel indicate that breaches of the code of conduct are under…
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Guidance on the code of conduct for ethics, integrity, and anti-corruption is integrated in induction training for all military personnel [1].
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Q47
100/100
Is there a Code of Conduct for all civilian personnel that includes, but is not limited to, guidance with respect to bribery, gifts and hospitality, conflicts of interest, and post-separation activities? Is there evidence that breaches of the Code of Conduct are effectively addressed?
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The Code of Conduct for Taiwan’s public servants concerning issues of ethics and integrityis well illustrated and regulated in the Directive of Ethics and…
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The Directive of Ethics and Integrity Guidelines for Public Servants is made available in the public domain and thus can be accessed by the…
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Breaches of the Code of Conduct are regularly investigated and cases are pursued where there is evidence of criminal behavior. Monthly statistics released by…
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Guidance on the Code of Conduct is included in induction training for MND’s civilian personnel. Regulations, codes of conduct, and training programmes derived from…
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Q48
100/100
Does regular anti-corruption training take place for military and civilian personnel?
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Anti-corruption training programmes in Taiwan’s Military for both military and civilian personnel are designed at different levels on the basis of “Directive of Ethics…
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Regular training courses on anti-corruption are delivered to the entire armed forces of Taiwan on a regular basis every six months [1, 2]. Specific…
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Regular attendance of anti-corruption training programmes focusing on ethics and integrity is compulsory for all military and civilian personnel of the Ministry of National…
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Q49
100/100
Is there a policy to make public outcomes of the prosecution of defence services personnel for corrupt activities, and is there evidence of effective prosecutions in recent years?
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Laws and regulations are well organised for anti-corruption from the perspectives of investigation, allegation, and prosecution for both civilian and military personels of the…
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During peacetime, both civilian and military personnel are under civilian jurisdiction which is transparent and open to the public [1]. The charges and results…
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Taken together, the Criminal Code of the Republic of China, Anti-Corruption Act, and Armed Forces Punishment Act provide effective measures for anti-corruption in Taiwan’s…
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Q50
92/100
Are there effective measures in place to discourage facilitation payments (which are illegal in almost all countries)?
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Facilitation payments are made strictly and clearly illegal by the Criminal Code and the Anti-corruption Act [1, 2].
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Laws and regulations related to “facilitation payments” are well organised and clarified in terms of definitions, investigation, allegation, and prosecution for both civilian and…
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Accepting facilitation payments is strictly prohibited for civilian or military personnel of Taiwan’s armed forces and is regarded as a serious legal offence [1,…
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