Financial Risk:

Low

Score:

67/100

Asset Disposals

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Q24 83/100

How effective are controls over the disposal of assets, and is information on these disposals, and the proceeds of their sale, transparent?

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Controls Score: 100 / 100
The disposal of assets corresponds to a procedure used by the central government to obtain income through the sale of the shares it has…
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Transparency of disposal process Score: 50 / 100
Decree 1082 of 2015 outlines the the disposal processes of assets, either directly in closed envelope or through public auction. [1] The process includes…
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Transparency of financial results of disposals Score: 100 / 100
The Ministry of Defence’s website shows the publication of the Financial Statements on a monthly basis, which are available to the general public. The…
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Q25 67/100

Is independent and transparent scrutiny of asset disposals conducted by defence establishments, and are the reports of such scrutiny publicly available?

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Scrutiny Score: 75 / 100
The financial and administrative operations of the defence sector are subject to the control and supervision of the supervisory bodies such as: Ombudsman’s Office,…
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Independence Score: 75 / 100
The supervisory bodies, namely the Office of the Attorney’s Office, Comptroller, and Defender’s Office, have functional, administrative, and budgetary independence, which allows them to…
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Transparency Score: 50 / 100
The financial audit reports submitted by the Comptroller present a comprehensive analysis on accounting, budget, and external control terms, which allows for a number…
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Secret Budgets

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Q26 100/100

What percentage of defence and security expenditure in the budget year is dedicated to spending on secret items relating to national security and the intelligence services?

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Score: 100 / 100
The General Budget of the Nation, which establishes budget items for the different sectors including the defence sector and state entities annually, is publicly…
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Q27 25/100

Is the legislature (or the appropriate legislative committee or members of the legislature) given full information for the budget year on the spending of all secret items relating to national security and military intelligence?

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Score: 25 / 100
The Congress of the Republic receives different types of reports related to the operation of the defence sector and the National Intelligence Directorate (DNI).…
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Q28 38/100

Are audit reports of the annual accounts of the security sector (the military and intelligence services) subject to parliamentary debate?

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Comprehensiveness Score: 50 / 100
The Congress of the Republic receives different types of reports related to the operation of the defence sector and the National Intelligence Directorate (DNI).…
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Parliamentary scrutiny Score: 25 / 100
Citizen consultation processes are promoted through a variety of different areas of participation, such as through formal mechanisms like the Citizen Oversight Committees established…
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Q29 NEI/100

In law, are off-budget military expenditures permitted, and if so, are they exceptional occurrences that are well-controlled? In practice, are there any off-budget military expenditures? If so, does evidence suggest this involves illicit economic activity?

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Permitted exceptions Score: NEI / 100
There is not enough information to score this indicator. No legislation was found expressly dealing with the regulation of off-budget expenditures. In relation to…
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Recording mechanisms Score: NEI / 100
There is Not Enough Information to score this indicator. Historically, decisions regarding defence and security issues in Colombia have been handled with secrecy by…
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Prevalence Score: 75 / 100
In Colombia, civil society organisations are very active and cover a wide variety of social, political, economic, and environmental issues. However, levels of violence…
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Q30 50/100

Are mechanisms for accessing information from the defence sector effective?

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Legal framework Score: 50 / 100
Law 1712 of 2014, “Transparency Act”, defines the guidelines governing the right of access to public information, procedures for the exercise and guarantee of…
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Classification of information Score: NS / 100
This indicator is not assigned a score in the GDI. Since the implementation of Law 1712 of 2014 and its Regulatory Decree 103 of…
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Effectiveness Score: 50 / 100
According to the Public Entities Transparency Index (2015-2016), the visibility indicator, which refers to an institution’s ability to make its policies, procedures, and decisions…
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Q31 75/100

Do national defence and security institutions have beneficial ownership of commercial businesses? If so, how transparent are details of the operations and finances of such businesses?

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Extent of commercial ventures Score: 50 / 100
The defence sector is made up of 18 companies: 8 Public Establishments, 3 Mixed Economy Societies, 2 State Industrial and Commercial Entities, 2 Indirect…
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Transparency Score: 100 / 100
The commercial and industrial companies in the defence sector comply with the publication requirements of information stipulated in Law 1712 of 2014 (Transparency Act)…
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Military-owned Businesses

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Q32 100/100

Are military-owned businesses subject to transparent independent scrutiny at a recognised international standard?

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Independent scrutiny Score: 100 / 100
The GSED brings together 18 military-owned businesses and companies that support the mission of the Military Forces and the National Police in Colombia. These…
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Transparency Score: 100 / 100
According to the Transparency Act (Law 1712 of 2014), the Comptroller General of the Republic (CGR) makes public exclusively the results of its audits,…
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Illegal Private Enterprise

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Q33 NEI/100

Is there evidence of unauthorised private enterprise by military or other defence ministry employees? If so, what is the government’s reaction to such enterprise?

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Prohibition Score: 0 / 100
A review of Colombia’s laws reveals that there is no legislation either permitting or prohibiting private enterprise by military or defence personnel.
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Prevalence Score: NEI / 100
Through a review of media and legal sources, no evidence of any private enterprise by military or other defence ministry employees, including corresponding reactions…
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Actual Military Spending

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Q77 69/100

Is comprehensive data on actual spending on defence published during the budget year?

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Proactive publication Score: 50 / 100
Information on actual expenditure is available on the Ministry of Defence’s website on a quarterly basis. The last report is that of the third…
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Comprehensiveness Score: 75 / 100
The Ministry of Defence, Military Forces, and Police publish a large portion of the actual defence spending online in accordance with Article 9 of…
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Timeliness Score: 100 / 100
Instruction 001 of 2018 for the General Accounting Office defines the public dates for the financial year ending 31 December 2018, in the following…
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Comparison against budget Score: 50 / 100
The relationship between the budget allocated to the defence and police sector vs. the actual expenditure implemented is published on the Economic Transparency Portal…
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