Financial Risk:
Very High
Score:
17/100
Asset Disposals
Q24
33/100
How effective are controls over the disposal of assets, and is information on these disposals, and the proceeds of their sale, transparent?
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Section 4 of the Public Procurement and Supplies Administration Act 2017 defines ‘supplies administration’ as the retention, recording, disbursement, borrowing, inspection, maintenance and disposal…
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According to the Regulations of the Office of the Prime Minister on Procurement 1992, the 6th revision (2002), public procurement must be conducted in…
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According to the Public Procurement and Supplies Administration Act 2017, Section 113, the administration of asset disposal must be in accordance with the rules…
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Q25
25/100
Is independent and transparent scrutiny of asset disposals conducted by defence establishments, and are the reports of such scrutiny publicly available?
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According to the Public Procurement and Supplies Administration Act 2017, Section 113, the disposal of supplies must be managed in accordance with the rules…
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According to the Public Procurement and Supplies Administration Act 2017, Section 113, the disposal of supplies must be managed in accordance with the rules…
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According to the Public Procurement and Supplies Administration Act 2017, Section 113, the disposal of supplies must be audited in accordance with the rules…
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Secret Budgets
Q26
0/100
What percentage of defence and security expenditure in the budget year is dedicated to spending on secret items relating to national security and the intelligence services?
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According to the Regulations of the Prime Minister Officer on the Public Secret Budget 2004, the secret budget is secretly allocated, requested and reported…
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Q27
0/100
Is the legislature (or the appropriate legislative committee or members of the legislature) given full information for the budget year on the spending of all secret items relating to national security and military intelligence?
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According to the Regulations of the Prime Minister Officer on the Public Secret Budget 2004, the secret budget is secretly allocated, requested and reported…
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Q28
0/100
Are audit reports of the annual accounts of the security sector (the military and intelligence services) subject to parliamentary debate?
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After the 2019 general election, the Thai government’s defence spending has been a major issue that has come under the scrutiny of the opposition…
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According to the Regulations of the Ministry of Defence on Internal Audit 2010, the Ministry of Finance allows the MoD to be subject solely…
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Q29
8/100
In law, are off-budget military expenditures permitted, and if so, are they exceptional occurrences that are well-controlled? In practice, are there any off-budget military expenditures? If so, does evidence suggest this involves illicit economic activity?
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In December 2019, the issue of the Ministry of Defence’s 18-billion-baht off-budget spending was raised by Future Forward Party (FFP) leader Thanathorn Juangroongruangkit. These…
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According to Future Forward Party (FFP) leader Thanathorn Juangroongruangkit, unlike other agencies, the Ministry of Defence was apparently exempt from providing details about off-budget…
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An appendix document detailing the budget for off-budget funds shows that the Ministry of Defence was allocated off-budget funds of 32,393,000 Thai baht (out…
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Q30
25/100
Are mechanisms for accessing information from the defence sector effective?
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According to the Official Information Act 1997, Section 15, the Ministry of Defence is allowed to issue an order prohibiting the disclosure of official…
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This indicator is not assigned a score in the GDI. According to the Official Information Act 1997, Section 11, the official information provided by…
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Even though the Official Information Act 1997 was largely adopted due to public demand for the right to state information, the law prohibits the…
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Q31
25/100
Do national defence and security institutions have beneficial ownership of commercial businesses? If so, how transparent are details of the operations and finances of such businesses?
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According to Surachart Bamrungsuk, a renowned security scholar, there are at least 15 businesses that the Royal Thai Army (RTA) is involved in. These…
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According to Surachart Bamrungsuk, a renowned security scholar, there are at least 15 businesses that the Royal Thai Army (RTA) is involved in, but…
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Military-owned Businesses
Q32
0/100
Are military-owned businesses subject to transparent independent scrutiny at a recognised international standard?
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The military has a long tradition of involvement in business and it is openly known that some officers branch out into private business deals.…
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According to the State Audit Act B.E. 2542, state-owned enterprises’ (SOE) accounts must be audited by the Office of the Auditor General of Thailand.…
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Illegal Private Enterprise
Q33
13/100
Is there evidence of unauthorised private enterprise by military or other defence ministry employees? If so, what is the government’s reaction to such enterprise?
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In Thailand, the government does not outlaw private enterprise under the umbrella of the state’s defence and security operations, and there is no legislation…
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According to Interviewee 1, a political scientist, private enterprises are fairly commonplace but often involve senior military shareholders in illicit businesses, working with civilians…
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Actual Military Spending
Q77
63/100
Is comprehensive data on actual spending on defence published during the budget year?
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There are the annual budget reports, which were conducted retrospectively in accordance with the Regulations of the Ministry of Defence on Public Financial Accounting…
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According to the Regulations of the Ministry of Defence on Internal Audit 2010, the Ministry of Finance allows the MoD to be subject solely…
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There are the annual budget reports, which were conducted retrospectively in accordance with the Regulations of the Ministry of Defence on Budget 2012 [1].…
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According to the Budgetary Procedures Act 2018, Section 10, annual budget appropriations to be submitted to the National Assembly (or the current government) must…
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