Political Risk:
Very High
Score:
26/100
Defence and Security Policy and Policy Transparency
Q1
33/100
Is there formal provision for effective and independent legislative scrutiny of defence policy?
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Article 84 of the Constitution gives formal power to parliament to scrutinize the defence sector, through a committee known as the Defence and Security…
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Though the constitution gives full rights to parliament, it lacks any serious capacity to perform effective oversight of the defence sector in general and…
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According to Articles 84 and 108 of the Constitution (2012), the National Assembly (NA) has the power to pass laws, including laws affecting military…
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Q2
21/100
Does the country have an identifiable and effective parliamentary defence and security committee (or similar such organisations) to exercise oversight?
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The NA has a Defence and Security Committee called CODES (1), it is in charge of a set of issues; including military cooperation, organization…
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In the aftermath of the October 2014 popular uprising against the former regime, a framework for the transitional government was adopted by political, military,…
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Policymaking and assisting with strategy development, through strong recommendations, fall under the core competencies of the CODES (1). However, it has faced oppositions within…
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According to Burkina Faso’s Constitution, the National Assembly approves the budget and controls the government’s action (1). The CODES does exert limited oversight, notably,…
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According to the 2018 BTI Burkina Faso Country Report, “the National Assembly’s authority and involvement in decision-making suffers from limitations in efficiency and mechanisms…
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Oversight institutions, including the legislative and judicial branches, have failed to get the military and other institutions endorse their control mechanisms and recommendations. The…
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Q3
0/100
Is the country’s national defence policy or national security strategy debated and publicly available?
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Generally, the government has rarely engaged in official debates on defence sector policy. The public is reacting to the lack of information regarding defence…
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Until recently, neither the national defence policy nor the security strategy was discussed in public. However, in the aftermath of the 2014 uprising, public…
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The current national security strategy was adopted in 2010 covering the period 2011 through 2020; it is available online (1). However, given the fact…
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The 2018 BTI Burkina Faso Country Report reveals some criticisms about the government, which does not make information publicly available (1). This inevitably demonstrates…
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Q4
50/100
Do defence and security institutions have a policy, or evidence, of openness towards civil society organisations (CSOs) when dealing with issues of corruption?
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There is a defence policy dating back to 2004, as well as a national security strategy adopted in 2010 that adopted community participation in…
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CSOs enjoy a variety of protections from the government, thanks in part to the support of international NGOs and institutions committed to eradicating corruption…
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In practice, defence and security institutions engage with CSOs, by attending workshops, information sessions and meetings together (1), but the collaboration remains limited when…
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Q5
75/100
Has the country signed up to the following international anti-corruption instruments: UNCAC and the OECD Convention?
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Q6
25/100
Is there evidence of regular, active public debate on issues of defence? If yes, does the government participate in this debate?
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Although Article 8 of the Constitution guarantees the right to freedoms of opinion, of the press and the right to information (1), under Comapaore’s…
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The government does not participate in public debates, as it still does not share much of its information (1). However, despite the lack of…
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Q7
63/100
Does the country have an openly stated and effectively implemented anti-corruption policy for the defence sector?
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There is no anti-corruption policy specifically targeting the defence sector. However, several state institutions and CSOs have issued anti-corruption policies and strategies that also…
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Effectiveness in the implementation of anti-corruption policies within the defence sector is limited, as the government does not engage fully with anti-corruption institutions, as…
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Q8
17/100
Are there independent, well-resourced, and effective institutions within defence and security tasked with building integrity and countering corruption?
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There are no existing formal institutions within the defence sector with full corruption countering attributions and mandate. The gendarmerie is supposed to investigate cases…
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There are no existing formal institutions within the defence sector with full corruption countering attributions and mandate. The gendarmerie is supposed to investigate cases…
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There are no existing formal institutions within the defence sector with full corruption countering attributions and mandate. The gendarmerie is supposed to investigate cases…
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Q9
NS/100
Does the public trust the institutions of defence and security to tackle the issue of bribery and corruption in their establishments?
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This indicator is not assigned a score in the GDI. There is little mutual trust between the military and the public, though some confidence…
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Q10
0/100
Are there regular assessments of the areas of greatest corruption risk for ministry and armed forces personnel, and are the findings used as inputs to the anti-corruption policy?
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No defence-specific assessment of corruption risk has been commissioned or taken place in the last 2-3 years. However, the ASCE-LC assesses many institutions on…
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No defence-specific assessment of corruption risk has been commissioned or taken place in the last 2-3 years. As such this indicator has been marked…
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No defence-specific assessment of corruption risk has been commissioned or taken place in the last 2-3 years. As such this indicator has been marked…
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Defence Budgets
Q11
25/100
Does the country have a process for acquisition planning that involves clear oversight, and is it publicly available?
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Law N° 039 (2016) sets up the rules on the contract, the execution and the control of public orders and public service delegations that…
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There are irregularities in public acquisition processes. According to the General Controller of State, Mr. Luc Marius Ibriga, some public agents have refused to…
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The key external oversight institution is the ASCE-LC, which was recently provided with both independence and the constitutional power to investigate and directly prosecute…
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Q12
13/100
Is the defence budget transparent, showing key items of expenditure? And it is provided to the legislature in a timely fashion?
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The defence budget is passed along with the budget of the other public institutions at the annual budget voting session. According to a 2017…
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The government and the NA have been criticized for not making budget information available to the public promptly (1). Public access to government information…
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Q13
50/100
Is there a legislative committee (or other appropriate body) responsible for defence budget scrutiny and analysis in an effective way?
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The scrutiny of the national budget in general and the defence budget, in particular, falls under the purview of the Finance and Budget Committee…
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The Finance and Budget Committee (COMFIB) is responsible for conducting scrutiny on the defence budget (1). However, the COMFIB lacks sufficient power to influence…
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Q14
42/100
Is the approved defence budget made publicly available? In practice, can citizens, civil society, and the media obtain detailed information on the defence budget?
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The core issue with the defence budget is the fact that it is not often not released in a disaggregated form (1), (2), (3),…
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The defence budget does not show the break down of the core components; it just presents the expenditures and the resources to mobilize to…
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The defence budget is published annually along with the budgets of all the other state institutions, and it is available online (1). However, the…
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Q15
17/100
Are sources of defence income other than from central government allocation (from equipment sales or property disposal, for example) published and scrutinised?
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Apart from central government allocation, the defence sector does have some income generation activities. These activities, for the most part, are linked to public…
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According to the Constitution, the “Court of Accounts is the superior jurisdiction of control of the public finances” (Article 127). The ASCE-LC has been…
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Citizens, CSOs, and media scrutinize the defence income other than from government allocation, through advocacy and recommendations (1). CSOs have played a significant role…
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Q16
0/100
Is there an effective internal audit process for defence ministry expenditure (that is, for example, transparent, conducted by appropriately skilled individuals, and subject to parliamentary oversight)?
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There is no formal internal audit process in the defence ministry expenditure. According to the Constitution, the audit of government institutions, including the Ministry…
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Because there is no formal internal audit process of defence ministry expenditure, this indicator has been scored Not Applicable.
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Because there is no formal internal audit process of defence ministry expenditure, this indicator has been scored Not Applicable.
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Because there is no formal internal audit process of defence ministry expenditure, this indicator has been scored Not Applicable.
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Q17
13/100
Is there effective and transparent external auditing of military defence expenditure?
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Article 127 of the Constitution mandates the Court of Accounts to regularly perform audits on the spending of government institutions. The ASCE-LC was recently…
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The Court of Accounts, the Parliament and recently the ASCE- LC, as external institutions, perform audit activities on the military defence expenditure. Over the…
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The Court of Accounts and the ASCE-LC reports are online and hard copies are available and do contain information about the MoD in summary…
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When they point out some irregularities in government expenditure, the Court of Accounts and the ASCE-LC make key audit findings available and provide some…
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Nexus of Defence and National Assets
Q18
55/100
Is there evidence that the country’s defence institutions have controlling or financial interests in businesses associated with the country’s natural resource exploitation and, if so, are these interests publicly stated and subject to scrutiny?
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Defence institutions are by law prohibited from having a controlling or financial interest in business associated with natural resource exploitation. According to Article 33…
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There is no evidence connecting the country’s defence institutions to financial interests in businesses related to the country’s natural resources exploitation. However, given the…
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The law prohibits any involvement of individual defence personnel in business relating to the country’s natural resource exploitation (1), (2). Complying with the military…
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If there are some isolated cases of interests of the defence personnel in the country’s natural resource exploitation, these interests are not publicly declared,…
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There evidence found for scrutinizing the MoD or its personnel for involvement in the natural resource business. The Constitution grants power and legitimacy to…
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Organised Crime
Q19
25/100
Is there evidence, for example through media investigations or prosecution reports, of a penetration of organised crime into the defence and security sector? If no, is there evidence that the government is alert and prepared for this risk?
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Q20
0/100
Is there policing to investigate corruption and organised crime within the defence services and is there evidence of the effectiveness of this policing?
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There is no policing function within the defence services that is exercised over the defence to investigate corruption and organized crime. But, there is…
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Because there is no policing function to investigate organised crime, this indicator has been scored Not Applicable.
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Because there is no policing function to investigate organised crime, this indicator has been scored Not Applicable.
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Control of Intelligence Services
Q21
50/100
Are the policies, administration, and budgets of the intelligence services subject to effective and independent oversight?
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At the inception of the country’s National Investigation Agency (ANR) in March 2016, it was planned that a committee of control would be created…
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This indicator has not been assigned a score due to insufficient information or evidence. As the parliamentary committee has not yet produced a report…
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Q22
0/100
Are senior positions within the intelligence services filled on the basis of objective selection criteria, and are appointees subject to investigation of their suitability and prior conduct?
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The criteria for the selection of senior positions is unclear; there are no legal guidelines. It is possible that the appointment of the current…
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Senior positions in the ANR are more likely to be a reward or gift for satisfactory results in previous positions or political affiliation than…
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As part of the hiring process, a little investigation is performed (sometimes not at all) on selected candidates, to fulfil the standard procedure, immediately…
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Export Controls
Q23
NEI/100
Does the government have a well-scrutinised process for arms export decisions that aligns with Articles 7.1.iv, 11.5, and 15.6 of the Arms Trade Treaty (ATT)?
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Burkina Faso has signed up and ratified the Arms Trade Treaty (ATT) on June 3, 2013, and June 4, 2014, respectively (1), (2).
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This indicator has not been assigned a score due to insufficient information or evidence.
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This provision does not apply to Burkina Faso, as it is not an exporter of arms (1), (2), (3), (4).
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Lobbying in Defence
Burkina Faso does not have legislation that regulates lobbying in the defence sector (1).
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Burkina Faso does not have legislation that regulates lobbying in the defence sector (1).
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Burkina Faso does not have legislation that regulates lobbying in the defence sector (1).
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Burkina Faso does not have legislation that regulates lobbying in the defence sector (1).
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