Personnel Risk:
Low
Score:
76/100
Leadership Behaviour
Q34
58/100
Do the Defence Ministry, Defence Minister, Chiefs of Defence, and Single Service Chiefs publicly commit, through, for example, speeches, media interviews, or political mandates, to anti-corruption and integrity measures?
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There is some kind of commitment to anti-corruption and integrity measures by the MInistry of Defence and senior members of the Armed Forces, but…
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Some commitments to anti-corruption are publicly stated, however, not very strongly and rather superficially (1). Chiefs and Ministers sometimes publicly speak about values or…
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This commitment is reflected throughout the Ministry of Defence and armed forces by statements by senior ministry staff and senior armed forces officers about…
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Q35
88/100
Are there effective measures in place for personnel found to have taken part in forms of bribery and corruption, and is there evidence that these measures are being carried out?
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There are a range of defined offences in law that clearly apply to the defence sector (1). These offences cover offering, giving, receiving, or…
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In Israel there were several cases in recent years that showed how the legal forces in the country are handling with corruption and bribery…
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Q36
50/100
Is whistleblowing encouraged by the government, and are whistle-blowers in military and defence ministries afforded adequate protection from reprisal for reporting evidence of corruption, in both law and practice?
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The Protection of Employees (Exposure of Offences of Unethical Conduct and Improper Administration) Law 5757-1997 prohibits a public or private employer from taking any…
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Whistleblowing is weakly encouraged by the government and defence institutions. There are very few (if any) guidance or information materials, and there is no…
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There is little trust among officials and personnel that they would be provided adequate protection if they reported corrupt activity. In general, whistleblowing has…
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Q37
50/100
Is special attention paid to the selection, time in post, and oversight of personnel in sensitive positions, including officials and personnel in defence procurement, contracting, financial management, and commercial management?
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The IDF High Command Instruction 3.0228 “Commissioned Ranks – Principles of Promotion in IDF Ranks – Regular Service” (1), authorized by the MOD, as…
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Conflict of interests examinations are conducted with regard to senior and sensitive positions, as well as a criminal record and a disciplinary charge record…
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There is internal oversight in the Ministry of Defence to scrutinise appointment and promotion decisions of personnel in sensitive positions (1). Oversight is provided…
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Payroll, Promotions, Appointments, Rewards
Q38
33/100
Is the number of civilian and military personnel accurately known and publicly available?
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The number of Israel Defence Forces (IDF) soldiers seems to be updated, but it is definitely not always made public by the army itself.…
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Information on the number of civilian and military personnel are not made publicly available due to security reasons.
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The military has not been presented with the problem of ghost soldiers (or false numbers of soldiers) in the last five years. But there…
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Q39
88/100
Are pay rates and allowances for civilian and military personnel openly published?
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The Israel Defence Forces (IDF) publishes pay rates for all civilian and military personnel. Pay rates for soldiers on mandatory service are regulated by…
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The allowances of soldiers in mandatory military service is determined according to General Staff Directive 35.0201 (1). Article 3 of this directive details the…
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Q40
100/100
Do personnel receive the correct pay on time, and is the system of payment well-established, routine, and published?
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Some interviewed former soldiers (for example, from October 2018) said that their salaries were always paid on time (1) (2). This website is the…
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Some interviewed former soldiers (for example, from October 2018) said that their salaries were always paid on time (1). This website is the official…
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The payment and allowances system is openly published, on the website (1) (2) (3). Pay brackets disaggregated by seniority are specificed in a yearly…
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Q41
58/100
Is there an established, independent, transparent, and objective appointment system for the selection of military personnel at middle and top management level?
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The selection process between candidates is done in accordance with the High Command Instruction 3.0228 “Commissioned Ranks – Principles of Promotion in IDF Ranks…
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The army had procedures for promotion, and they are objective to some extent (1). The appointment of officers ranked colonel or higher must receive…
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Information on the appointment process is public available, either on the website or freely released outside formal mechanisms (1) (2) (3) (4). Information includes…
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Q42
50/100
Are personnel promoted through an objective, meritocratic process? Such a process would include promotion boards outside of the command chain, strong formal appraisal processes, and independent oversight.
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Personnel promotions are conducted through formal appraisal processes and promotions boards for all personnel (1) (2) (3). The selection process between candidates is done…
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If a force permits any other means of awarding rank, regulations that limit the possible circumstances and place requirements on further progression exist but…
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Information on postings and promotions are published regularly within the system, and in advance of their effective date, but they do not include all…
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Information on postings and promotions are published regularly within the system, and in advance of their effective date, but they do not include all…
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Conscription and Recruitment
Q43
92/100
Where compulsory conscription occurs, is there a policy of not accepting bribes for avoiding conscription? Are there appropriate procedures in place to deal with such bribery, and are they applied?
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Conscription in Israel is regarded by the majority of the Jewish secular and national religious as a rite of passage, an important part of…
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Sanctions include criminal prosecution/incarceration, dismissal, and considerable financial penalties (1) (2). There are few examples of bribery as part of military conscription processes with…
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Sanctions or punishments are applied when bribery occurs (1) (2), still it seems that there are not many cases related to corruption in the…
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Q44
100/100
is there a policy of refusing bribes to gain preferred postings? Are there appropriate procedures in place to deal with such bribery, and are they applied?
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The Israeli Penal Law 5737-1977 prohibits offering, giving, receiving, or soliciting of any item of value to influence the actions of an official or…
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In addition to criminal sanctions under the Penal code, Israeli law also allows for confiscation of the bribes and the proceeds of bribery. Article…
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Public officials have been convicted of bribery in cases where assistance in gaining a preferred public position was determined to be a bribe (1)…
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Salary Chain
Chains of command are seperated from the chains of payment in the Israel Defence Forces (IDF). The defence budget is part of the general…
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Values and Standards
Q46
94/100
Is there a Code of Conduct for all military personnel that includes, but is not limited to, guidance with respect to bribery, gifts and hospitality, conflicts of interest, and post-separation activities? Is there evidence that breaches of the Code of Conduct are effectively addressed?
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There is the Code of Ethics of the Ministry of Defence that describes a “system of values, principles and rules of the proper conduct…
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The Code of Ethics is available to the public (on the homepage of the Ministry of Defense) and is also distributed to military personnel.…
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Breaches of the code of conduct are regularly investigated, even if the oversight mechanism is confidential. Cases are pursued where there is evidence of…
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Soldier learns about the Code of Ethics as well as the Spirit of the IDF (1), when beginning basic training in the Israeli Army…
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Q47
100/100
Is there a Code of Conduct for all civilian personnel that includes, but is not limited to, guidance with respect to bribery, gifts and hospitality, conflicts of interest, and post-separation activities? Is there evidence that breaches of the Code of Conduct are effectively addressed?
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The Public Service Commissioner has set a civilian Code of Ethics for public servants (i.e. government employees). This code contains explicit references to issues…
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The code of conduct is available to the public and distributed to civilian personnel. Guidance on the code of conduct is included in induction…
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Breaches of the code of conduct are regularly investigated, even if the oversight mechanism is confidential. Cases are pursued where there is evidence of…
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Guidance on the code of conduct is included in induction training (1).
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Q48
42/100
Does regular anti-corruption training take place for military and civilian personnel?
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There is little publicly available information on IDF training as it is internal and not routinely subject to publication. However, thereis som evidence of…
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Anti-corruption training is delivered once at induction and upon entry into high risk positions and environments (1) (2).
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Based on available evidence, the coverage of anti-corruption training appears fairly sporadic and does not form a key part of training programmes (1) (2).…
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Q49
92/100
Is there a policy to make public outcomes of the prosecution of defence services personnel for corrupt activities, and is there evidence of effective prosecutions in recent years?
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The outcomes of prosecutions for corruption cases involving defence personnel are made publicly available, even though research could not find an explciti policy stipulating…
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Both the charges and results of prosecutions are made publicly available. There are several cases illustrating the effectiveness of prosecutions (1) (2) (3) (4).…
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Cases are investigated or prosecuted through formal processes and it seems without undue political influence (1) (2) (3) (4).
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Q50
100/100
Are there effective measures in place to discourage facilitation payments (which are illegal in almost all countries)?
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Facilitation payments would most probably constitute bribery under Article 5 of the Penal Law 1977. Section 293(7) to the Penal Law specifically mandates that…
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Though there are very few cases of facilitation payments in the military, cases in other sectors have been investigated and prosecuted through formal processes…
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Indicents involving facilitation payments are extremely rare and there is are few examples of them occuring. (1) (2)
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