Personnel Risk:
Very High
Score:
24/100
Leadership Behaviour
Q34
8/100
Do the Defence Ministry, Defence Minister, Chiefs of Defence, and Single Service Chiefs publicly commit, through, for example, speeches, media interviews, or political mandates, to anti-corruption and integrity measures?
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Anti-corruption represents one of the pillars of President Mahamadou Issoufous’ Renaissance Programme (2016–2021). Alongside this, there is a broad-based commitment to tackling corruption in…
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Public commitment to anti-corruption and integrity measures consists of vague statements, with no reference to chiefs or ministers. The assessor did not find evidence…
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The assessor found no evidence of public commitment (through, for example, speeches, media interviews, or political mandates) to anti-corruption and integrity measures by unit…
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Q35
50/100
Are there effective measures in place for personnel found to have taken part in forms of bribery and corruption, and is there evidence that these measures are being carried out?
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The 2003 Military Penal Code (1) addresses corruption in Article 228 which states that officers found guilty of corruption, theft or general crime can…
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There is very little recent public information regarding cases of security and defence personnel being involved in cases of corruption. Investigations regarding police or…
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Q36
8/100
Is whistleblowing encouraged by the government, and are whistle-blowers in military and defence ministries afforded adequate protection from reprisal for reporting evidence of corruption, in both law and practice?
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A 1992 law on illicit enrichment provides for the protection of witnesses but does not explicitly refer to “whistle-blowers” (1). As per Article 8,…
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The assessor did not find any evidence that there is a specific policy regarding whistleblowing in security and defence institutions. However, on a broader…
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In the absence of centralised statistics, it is difficult to assess how many incidents are reported to the institutions that could receive complaints (HALCIA,…
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Q37
0/100
Is special attention paid to the selection, time in post, and oversight of personnel in sensitive positions, including officials and personnel in defence procurement, contracting, financial management, and commercial management?
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The assessor found no evidence of a clearly defined procedure in the military/defence establishment to select personnel covering higher-risk positions. According to conducted interviews,…
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No evidence was found regarding a clearly defined procedure in the military/defence establishment to select personnel covering higher-risk positions. Therefore this indicator has been…
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No evidence was found regarding a clearly defined procedure in the military/defence establishment to select personnel covering higher-risk positions. Therefore this indicator has been…
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Payroll, Promotions, Appointments, Rewards
Q38
33/100
Is the number of civilian and military personnel accurately known and publicly available?
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Currently, the armed forces comprises of approximately 20,000 personnel and 7,000 Gendarmerie Nationale. However, an exact number is not publicly available. The number of…
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Limited information on the number of civilian and military personnel is made publicly available by the Ministry of Defence. However, the figures detailed here…
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Over the last three years, military and local media investigations have revealed no issues connected to ghost soldiers (1). Given the relatively small size…
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Q39
88/100
Are pay rates and allowances for civilian and military personnel openly published?
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Pay rates for personnel working in security and defence are available in service publications (1). While no information is made available to the general…
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Allowances are well-defined and based on clearly stated criteria (familial allowance, number of years in office (1,2)). For “zones de mise en garde”, that…
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Q40
50/100
Do personnel receive the correct pay on time, and is the system of payment well-established, routine, and published?
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The assessor found no examples of wages being regularly delayed, unpaid or subject to discretionary adjustments (1,2). There is no evidence that instances of…
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This indicator has not been assigned a score due to insufficient information or evidence. Pay rates for security and defence servants are available in…
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Pay rates for personnel working in security and defence are available in service publications (1). Even though if no information is made available to…
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Q41
25/100
Is there an established, independent, transparent, and objective appointment system for the selection of military personnel at middle and top management level?
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There is an established procedure (legal framework) in place to ensure the objective appointment of military personnel as per Ordonnance 2010-75 and Loi n°…
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The National Assemblee does not provide external scrutiny on the appointments of military personnel at middle and top management (1, 2) .
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There is some available information on the appointment process through informal mechanisms, based mostly on rumours but it is incomplete and often confusing. Personal…
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Q42
13/100
Are personnel promoted through an objective, meritocratic process? Such a process would include promotion boards outside of the command chain, strong formal appraisal processes, and independent oversight.
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The security sector human resources management has formal processes in place that are characterised by clearly defined personnel regulations, a competitive and transparent recruitment…
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The security sector human resources management is characterised by clear personnel regulations and a merit-based promotion system (1,2). At every stage, there is oversight…
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Personnel regulations, career management, and training are all governed by clear regulatory texts (1,2), but they are not available to public (3).
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Personnel regulations, career management, and training are all governed by clear regulatory texts (1,2), but they are not available to public (3).
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Conscription and Recruitment
Q43
0/100
Where compulsory conscription occurs, is there a policy of not accepting bribes for avoiding conscription? Are there appropriate procedures in place to deal with such bribery, and are they applied?
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There are no known policies or rules against bribery for avoiding compulsory conscription. Military service in Niger is compulsory under Article 38 of the…
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Since there is no policy against bribery for avoiding compulsory conscription through bribery, there are no direct sanctions for it either. More broadly, the…
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No evidence was found of such cases.
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Q44
67/100
is there a policy of refusing bribes to gain preferred postings? Are there appropriate procedures in place to deal with such bribery, and are they applied?
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Both the Military Code and the Public Penal Code address corruption in general terms without explicit references to a policy of refusing bribes for…
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As mentioned in 44A, the language in the Military Code and Public Penal Codes does not explicitly mention the payment of bribes (pot-de-vin) to…
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No evidence was found of such cases being investigated (1).
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Salary Chain
Chains of command are arguably separate from chains of payment. According to an interviewee, the human resources and financial division work together to send…
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Values and Standards
Q46
50/100
Is there a Code of Conduct for all military personnel that includes, but is not limited to, guidance with respect to bribery, gifts and hospitality, conflicts of interest, and post-separation activities? Is there evidence that breaches of the Code of Conduct are effectively addressed?
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There is no actual code of conduct for all military personnel. Nigerien military personnel are provided with an instruction manual on international humanitarian law…
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The ICRC Instruction Manual (see 46A) is an ethics code for the military establishment. According to the ICRC Instruction Manual for Niger’s Ministry of…
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Breaches of the Military Code of 2003 are only occasionally investigated. The Military Code of 2003 does contain enforcement provisions in Articles 47 and…
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The ICRC Instruction Manual (see 46B) is an ethics code for the military establishment. According to the ICRC Instruction Manual for Niger’s Ministry of…
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Q47
0/100
Is there a Code of Conduct for all civilian personnel that includes, but is not limited to, guidance with respect to bribery, gifts and hospitality, conflicts of interest, and post-separation activities? Is there evidence that breaches of the Code of Conduct are effectively addressed?
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As a result of cooperation with the Geneva Centre for Democratic Control of Armed Forces (DCAF), based on a 2011 Decree (1), in 2015…
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There is no single Code of Conduct for all civilian personnel that includes, but is not limited to, guidance with respect to bribery, gifts…
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There is no single Code of Conduct for all civilian personnel that includes, but is not limited to, guidance with respect to bribery, gifts…
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There is no single Code of Conduct for all civilian personnel that includes, but is not limited to, guidance with respect to bribery, gifts…
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Q48
17/100
Does regular anti-corruption training take place for military and civilian personnel?
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Even though no evidence has been found that there is an explicit programme directly addressing corruption as part of military and civilian personnel training,…
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Given the multiple bilateral partners and organizations involved in this type of training (as well as the decentralized nature of the trainings), the scoring…
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In terms of the coverage of personnel that have passed through the training, there is no comprehensive statistic. However, some information can be obtained…
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Q49
0/100
Is there a policy to make public outcomes of the prosecution of defence services personnel for corrupt activities, and is there evidence of effective prosecutions in recent years?
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No evidence was found of a formal policy to make public outcomes of the prosecution of defence services personnel for corrupt activities (1, 2).…
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The results of prosecution are rarely made publicly available, and usually, there is no detailed public information on the charges or the hearing (1,2) .
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There is very little public information regarding cases of security and defence personnel’s involvement in cases of corruption. Investigations regarding policemen or military officers…
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Q50
0/100
Are there effective measures in place to discourage facilitation payments (which are illegal in almost all countries)?
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Neither the 2003 Military Penal Code (1) nor the Public Penal Code (2) cover facilitation fees (paiement de faveur, paiement de facilitiation) explicitly (see…
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Since facilitation payments are not criminalised, this indicator has been marked Not Applicable.
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It is difficult to evaluate with precision the extent of facilitation payments. However, some studies indicate that the practice is widespread, with some areas…
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