Personnel Risk:
Very High
Score:
20/100
Leadership Behaviour
Q34
8/100
Do the Defence Ministry, Defence Minister, Chiefs of Defence, and Single Service Chiefs publicly commit, through, for example, speeches, media interviews, or political mandates, to anti-corruption and integrity measures?
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Since President Lourenço took office, there has been more emphasis in public speeches by top officials of the armed forces, as well as the…
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While a commitment to fight corruption in the military is publicly stated (see Q34A), little is said about specific integrity measures and management of…
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There is no evidence of statements by unit commanders and leaders, as internal defence service publications cannot be accessed. Since President Lourenço took office,…
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Q35
88/100
Are there effective measures in place for personnel found to have taken part in forms of bribery and corruption, and is there evidence that these measures are being carried out?
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The criminal code currently in force considers bribery an offence for all parties engaged and sets out prison terms ranging between two and eight…
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There have been only a few publicly known prosecution cases of mid-level military officials for bribery and corruption in recent years. For instance, in…
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Q36
0/100
Is whistleblowing encouraged by the government, and are whistle-blowers in military and defence ministries afforded adequate protection from reprisal for reporting evidence of corruption, in both law and practice?
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No legal provisions exist that facilitate corruption reporting or protection of whistleblowing. On the contrary, in 2016 new media legislation was enacted that established…
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No legal provisions exist that facilitate corruption reporting or protection of whistleblowing. On the contrary, in 2016 new media legislation was enacted that established…
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There is a proven track record of whistleblowers being prosecuted by government authorities for exposing and reporting corrupt activity. Well-documented examples are the judicial…
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Q37
0/100
Is special attention paid to the selection, time in post, and oversight of personnel in sensitive positions, including officials and personnel in defence procurement, contracting, financial management, and commercial management?
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There is no evidence of any recognition that certain positions may be more open to corruption opportunities than others.
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There is no evidence of any recognition that certain positions may be more open to corruption opportunities than others. Thus, this indicator has been…
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There is no evidence of any special scrutiny of personnel in sensitive positions, beyond considerations of loyalty to the president and/or ruling party. hus,…
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Payroll, Promotions, Appointments, Rewards
Q38
0/100
Is the number of civilian and military personnel accurately known and publicly available?
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The database of civilian and military personnel is currently being evaluated and updated. No detailed numbers have been officially published about the personnel of…
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There is no official information made public by the Ministry of Defense.
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Ghost veterans appear to be a major problem. The most recent push to eliminate ghost veterans entitled to pension payments (an estimated 49,000) was…
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Q39
38/100
Are pay rates and allowances for civilian and military personnel openly published?
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Pay scales for public servants, including the military, are approved by presidential decree and published in the official gazette. The last updated pay scales…
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Pay scales published in the official gazette include allowances only in summary form and for senior officials only (see 39A).
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Q40
25/100
Do personnel receive the correct pay on time, and is the system of payment well-established, routine, and published?
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Since the financial crisis in late 2014, reports on salary delays of public servants, have multiplied. Public complaints among military personnel have been rare,…
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Since the beginning of the financial crisis in late 2014, local media outlets have reported cases of incomplete payments, in addition to salary delays…
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Pay scales for public servants, including the military, are approved by presidential decree and published in the official gazette (see comment above under Q39A).…
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Q41
8/100
Is there an established, independent, transparent, and objective appointment system for the selection of military personnel at middle and top management level?
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In July 2018, Parliament passed the Law on Military Careers in the Angolan Armed Forces (1). The law establishes rules and procedures for military…
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There is no known external scrutiny of the appointments of military personnel at either the middle level or top management.
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Little to no information is released about the appointment process.
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Q42
13/100
Are personnel promoted through an objective, meritocratic process? Such a process would include promotion boards outside of the command chain, strong formal appraisal processes, and independent oversight.
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In July 2018, the parliament eventually passed the Law on Military Careers in the Angolan Armed Forces (1). The comprehensive new law establishes rules…
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The 2010 Constitution gives the president, who is commander-in-chief of the armed forces, broad powers to appoint, promote and dismiss senior officials of the…
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Postings and promotions of senior officials by presidential decree are regularly published in the official gazette, though without much detail (1).
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Postings and promotions of senior officials by presidential decree are regularly published in the official gazette, though without much detail (1).
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Conscription and Recruitment
Q43
25/100
Where compulsory conscription occurs, is there a policy of not accepting bribes for avoiding conscription? Are there appropriate procedures in place to deal with such bribery, and are they applied?
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Bribery is considered an offence for all parties in the Criminal Code (Art. 318-323), as well as the 2014 Anti-Money Laundering Law. However, there…
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This indicator has not been assigned a score due to insufficient information or evidence. According to the 1994 Military Law, crimes of “corruption”, theft,…
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There are no reports on convictions for bribery to evade conscription.
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Q44
67/100
is there a policy of refusing bribes to gain preferred postings? Are there appropriate procedures in place to deal with such bribery, and are they applied?
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Corruption is punishable by imprisonment in the Criminal Code (Art. 318-323) (1) and other legislation such as the 2014 Anti-Money Laundering Law. In the…
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The Criminal Code (2018) considers bribery an offence for all parties engaged and sets out prison terms ranging between two and eight years for…
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There have been occasional media reports on convictions for bribery (mostly of police agents). However, President Dos Santos has periodically issued broad amnesties that…
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Salary Chain
Salary payments should be made via the electronic Integral System of State Financial Management (SIGFE) that was created in 2004 to be rolled out…
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Values and Standards
Q46
0/100
Is there a Code of Conduct for all military personnel that includes, but is not limited to, guidance with respect to bribery, gifts and hospitality, conflicts of interest, and post-separation activities? Is there evidence that breaches of the Code of Conduct are effectively addressed?
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Media reports occasionally refer to a code of conduct for the armed forces. However, since no such document is publicly available, it appears to…
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Media reports occasionally refer to a code of conduct for the armed forces. However, since no such document is publicly available, it appears to…
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Media reports occasionally refer to a code of conduct for the armed forces. However, since no such document is publicly available, it appears to…
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Media reports occasionally refer to a code of conduct for the armed forces. However, since no such document is publicly available, it appears to…
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Q47
13/100
Is there a Code of Conduct for all civilian personnel that includes, but is not limited to, guidance with respect to bribery, gifts and hospitality, conflicts of interest, and post-separation activities? Is there evidence that breaches of the Code of Conduct are effectively addressed?
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The 2010 Law on Public Probity contains a general code of conduct (Chapter II) for all public servants, but there is a lack of…
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The 2010 Law on Public Probity is available to the public, but there is no indication that it is distributed to personnel.
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The media and civil society organizations have often referred to the 2010 Law on Public Probity since it came into force, though the law…
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There is no evidence that any training has been conducted.
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Q48
8/100
Does regular anti-corruption training take place for military and civilian personnel?
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There is no evidence of more than occasional and ad hoc efforts to conduct anti-corruption training for defence personnel or public servants in Angola.…
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There is no evidence of more than occasional and ad hoc efforts to conduct anti-corruption training for defence personnel or public servants in Angola.…
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There is no evidence of more than occasional and ad hoc efforts to conduct anti-corruption training for defence personnel or public servants in Angola.…
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Q49
17/100
Is there a policy to make public outcomes of the prosecution of defence services personnel for corrupt activities, and is there evidence of effective prosecutions in recent years?
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There is no stated policy to make public outcomes of the prosecution of defense personnel. Prosecution cases and their outcomes have been disclosed mainly…
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Court documents such as indictments and sentencing are considered public documents; however, in practice access to court hearings and documents is often restricted for…
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Cases are investigated but are not often prosecuted. There are indications for clear undue influence in the decision-making process in recent years; for example,…
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Q50
33/100
Are there effective measures in place to discourage facilitation payments (which are illegal in almost all countries)?
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Facilitation payments are illegal in Angola, as stated in the 2010 Public Probity Law, the Criminal Code and the 2014 Money Laundering Law (1),…
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Even though facilitation payments are illegal, they are widespread; in recent years very few cases have been prosecuted. There is no evidence that several…
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The practice of facilitation payments to accelerate delivery of or simply to gain access to public services, as well as for doing business is…
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