Financial Risk:
Moderate
Score:
55/100
Asset Disposals
Q24
50/100
How effective are controls over the disposal of assets, and is information on these disposals, and the proceeds of their sale, transparent?
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There is a clear policy on the disposal of assets. There is legislation describing the process and conditions of the disposal of assets to…
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Planned disposals are published publicly on the ministry’s website, however not regularly [1, 2, 3]. When the MoD does publish planned disposals, there is…
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There is little knowledge of the financial results of asset disposals [1]. However, Law 4994/2017 states that any financial gains from the disposal of…
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Q25
33/100
Is independent and transparent scrutiny of asset disposals conducted by defence establishments, and are the reports of such scrutiny publicly available?
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Since September 2020, there has been new legislation on asset disposals. According to Article 15 of this legislation, a primary and secondary committee must…
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Since September 2020, primary and secondary committees have been required to scrutinise asset disposals; however, it is hard to find evidence of scrutiny in…
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Some audit reports are released occasionally but only summary information on asset disposals is made publicly available [1, 2]. Audit reports are no longer…
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Secret Budgets
Q26
100/100
What percentage of defence and security expenditure in the budget year is dedicated to spending on secret items relating to national security and the intelligence services?
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In the budget year 2021 the percentage of defence and security expenditure dedicated to spending on secret items is less that 1% (Hellenic Navy:…
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Q27
0/100
Is the legislature (or the appropriate legislative committee or members of the legislature) given full information for the budget year on the spending of all secret items relating to national security and military intelligence?
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The legislature is provided with no information about spending on secret items [1, 2].
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Q28
0/100
Are audit reports of the annual accounts of the security sector (the military and intelligence services) subject to parliamentary debate?
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Q29
42/100
In law, are off-budget military expenditures permitted, and if so, are they exceptional occurrences that are well-controlled? In practice, are there any off-budget military expenditures? If so, does evidence suggest this involves illicit economic activity?
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Off-budget military expenditures are permitted by law for general exceptions (e.g. the purchase of ammunition and spare parts) [1]. According to Article 1 of…
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Only some off-budget expenditures are recorded in the budget (e.g. emergency procurement of the UAV, see below) [1]. However they are usually recorded in…
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Off-budget military expenditures happen occasionally but are not a widely practiced phenomenon [1, 2]. In May 2020, for example, the Greek Government announced the…
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Q30
38/100
Are mechanisms for accessing information from the defence sector effective?
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There is no general legislation that clearly stipulate access to information for the defence sector, although some information is unclassified [1, 2]. There is…
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This indicator is not assigned a score in the GDI. The Government operates a system of classification of information under a clear legal framework…
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The public has limited access to information from the defence sector, if at all [1, 2].There is no Greek equivalent to a freedom of…
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Q31
100/100
Do national defence and security institutions have beneficial ownership of commercial businesses? If so, how transparent are details of the operations and finances of such businesses?
View QuestionMilitary-owned Businesses
Q32
100/100
Are military-owned businesses subject to transparent independent scrutiny at a recognised international standard?
View QuestionIllegal Private Enterprise
Q33
100/100
Is there evidence of unauthorised private enterprise by military or other defence ministry employees? If so, what is the government’s reaction to such enterprise?
View QuestionActual Military Spending
Q77
38/100
Is comprehensive data on actual spending on defence published during the budget year?
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Reports on actual spending are not made available to the public at all [1]. The Greek government usually cites national security concerns as a…
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Neither the MoD nor the Ministry of Finance publish reports on actual spending on defence and defence-related expenses in a systematic way [1, 2].…
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According to the law 4270/2014, article 167 (Government Gazette A΄ 143/28-6-2014) data for State Budget’s actual spending, and therefore data for Defence Budget’s actual…
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The data for State Budget’s actual spending, and therefore the data for Defence Budget’s actual spending, which are submitted for ratification to the Hellenic…
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