Financial Risk:
Critical
Score:
7/100
24
33/100
How effective are controls over the disposal of assets, and is information on these disposals, and the proceeds of their sale, transparent?
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The Defence Procurement Act [Chapter 11:03], guides the defence forces on the disposal of assets belonging to the defence forces and how such will…
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The disposal results are not published on the Ministry of Defence website [3]. However, in terms of the procedures, Section 91 (1) of the…
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The financial results of the disposal of assets are not published on the Ministry of defence. This is despite that the Defence Procurement Act…
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25
0/100
Is independent and transparent scrutiny of asset disposals conducted by defence establishments, and are the reports of such scrutiny publicly available?
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While it is expected as required by the Public Procurement and Disposal of Public Assets Act [Chapter 22:23] [1] for the defence sector to…
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The Defence Procurement Act [Chapter 11:03] gives the mandate to the Minister of defence who in turn has also been mandated to form the…
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The Defence Procurement Act [Chapter 11:03] allows the Minister of Defence to work with his/her own Defence board within the defence forces to manage…
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26
0/100
What percentage of defence and security expenditure in the budget year is dedicated to spending on secret items relating to national security and the intelligence services?
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The budget percentage for secret items related to national security and intelligence activities are not made public or presented in the national budget [1]…
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27
0/100
Is the legislature (or the appropriate legislative committee or members of the legislature) given full information for the budget year on the spending of all secret items relating to national security and military intelligence?
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While the Constitution of Zimbabwe allows parliament to have a committee which deals with specific issues on the defence sector, the Committee on Defence…
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28
0/100
Are audit reports of the annual accounts of the security sector (the military and intelligence services) subject to parliamentary debate?
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Section 309 (2b) (d) (3) states that the Auditor General at the request of the Government, to carry out special audits of the accounts…
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Defence secret operations are not audited by parliament as they are deemed to be security sensitive [1]. Therefore, this indicator is marked Not Applicable.
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29
33/100
In law, are off-budget military expenditures permitted, and if so, are they exceptional occurrences that are well-controlled? In practice, are there any off-budget military expenditures? If so, does evidence suggest this involves illicit economic activity?
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The budget for all state institutions, including the defence forces is approved by parliament, and this is guided by Section 299 of the 2013…
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Although the Public Finance Management Act (2010) does not permit any form of off-budget expenditure [1], in practice, the Zimbabwean defence forces engage in…
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Although off-budget military expenditure is not legally provided for under Zimbabwe’s Public Finance Management Act [2], in practice, such spending does occur regularly and…
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While the constitution of Zimbabwe provides on citizens right to obtain or to be furnished with public information [1], there is no legal framework…
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Defence sector information is confined and classified within the barracks, and the classification of information in the defence sector is guided by the Official…
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The public does not easily get information from the defence sector [1]. The media or any member of the public do not get information…
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31
0/100
Do national defence and security institutions have beneficial ownership of commercial businesses? If so, how transparent are details of the operations and finances of such businesses?
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There is widespread of military involvement in beneficial ownership of commercial businesses such as mining ventures [1,3,4]. The Chiadzwa diamond mining is a case…
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There is no legal framework that mandates transparency of commercial business. The operation of such businesses is not transparent, but it is all about…
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32
0/100
Are military-owned businesses subject to transparent independent scrutiny at a recognised international standard?
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The military owned businesses are not subject to transparent independent scrutiny to any recognised international standard. [1] There is no evidence that the military…
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The military business which includes mining deals, does not publicly publish their auditing reports to the public [1]. There is no law which obligates…
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33
13/100
Is there evidence of unauthorised private enterprise by military or other defence ministry employees? If so, what is the government’s reaction to such enterprise?
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While the Public Finance Act requires that all state-owned business have to declare their business and submit audited reports [1], unauthorised defence private enterprise…
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While Zimbabwean law does not explicitly authorise military involvement in private commercial enterprises, the military nonetheless continues to participate in a wide range of…
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77
0/100
Is comprehensive data on actual spending on defence published during the budget year?
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While the Public Finance Management Act legally mandates the government to account for public expenditure, including that of the defence sector [1], actual defence…
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Section 217 of the Constitution of Zimbabwe (2013) establishes the Defence Forces Service Commission to support effective governance of the defence sector [1]. However,…
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The Constitution of Zimbabwe requires the Minister of Finance to allocate and be responsible in presenting the budget in parliament. The presentation of the…
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While there are budget variances on what is always spend by the defence forces versus what is spend in the year, is available, the…
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0
NA/100
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Asset Disposals
Q24
NA/100
How effective are controls over the disposal of assets, and is information on these disposals, and the proceeds of their sale, transparent?
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Q25
NA/100
Is independent and transparent scrutiny of asset disposals conducted by defence establishments, and are the reports of such scrutiny publicly available?
View QuestionSecret Budgets
Q26
NA/100
What percentage of defence and security expenditure in the budget year is dedicated to spending on secret items relating to national security and the intelligence services?
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Q27
NA/100
Is the legislature (or the appropriate legislative committee or members of the legislature) given full information for the budget year on the spending of all secret items relating to national security and military intelligence?
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Q28
NA/100
Are audit reports of the annual accounts of the security sector (the military and intelligence services) subject to parliamentary debate?
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Q29
NA/100
In law, are off-budget military expenditures permitted, and if so, are they exceptional occurrences that are well-controlled? In practice, are there any off-budget military expenditures? If so, does evidence suggest this involves illicit economic activity?
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Q30
NA/100
Are mechanisms for accessing information from the defence sector effective?
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Q31
NA/100
Do national defence and security institutions have beneficial ownership of commercial businesses? If so, how transparent are details of the operations and finances of such businesses?
View QuestionMilitary-owned Businesses
Q32
NA/100
Are military-owned businesses subject to transparent independent scrutiny at a recognised international standard?
View QuestionIllegal Private Enterprise
Q33
NA/100
Is there evidence of unauthorised private enterprise by military or other defence ministry employees? If so, what is the government’s reaction to such enterprise?
View QuestionActual Military Spending
Q77
NA/100