Financial Risk:
High
Score:
41/100
24
0/100
How effective are controls over the disposal of assets, and is information on these disposals, and the proceeds of their sale, transparent?
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The law on the fight against corruption and other related offences in the Republic of Benin doesn’t provide any formal and clear process for…
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The law on the fight against corruption and other related offences in the Republic of Benin doesn’t provide any formal and clear process for…
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The law on the fight against corruption and other related offences in the Republic of Benin doesn’t provide any formal and clear process for…
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25
0/100
Is independent and transparent scrutiny of asset disposals conducted by defence establishments, and are the reports of such scrutiny publicly available?
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There is no evidence concerning military disposals because this is consider as a secret of defence [1][2][3].
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There is no evidence concerning military disposals because this is consider as a secret of defence so this indicator is marked Not Applicable. [1][2][3].
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There is no evidence concerning military disposals because this is consider as a secret of defence so this indicator is marked Not Applicable[1][2][3].
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26
0/100
What percentage of defence and security expenditure in the budget year is dedicated to spending on secret items relating to national security and the intelligence services?
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The exact percentage of the budget of the Beninese armed forces devoted to intelligence services is not specifically detailed in available public documents [1][2].…
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27
25/100
Is the legislature (or the appropriate legislative committee or members of the legislature) given full information for the budget year on the spending of all secret items relating to national security and military intelligence?
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Parliament is an essential component of civilian control. Its role is to debate, approve, adopt and monitor the implementation of laws and policies in…
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28
0/100
Are audit reports of the annual accounts of the security sector (the military and intelligence services) subject to parliamentary debate?
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The National Assembly settles the nation’s accounts. To this end, the National Assembly is assisted by the Court of Audit, which it of all…
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Legislators are not provided audit reports on secret items and there is no evidence that parliament has required documentation or testimony from the military…
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29
100/100
In law, are off-budget military expenditures permitted, and if so, are they exceptional occurrences that are well-controlled? In practice, are there any off-budget military expenditures? If so, does evidence suggest this involves illicit economic activity?
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Benin’s Organic Law on finance laws explicitly prohibits off-budget spending, in accordance with the principle of budgetary universality [1]. State expenditures, including those related…
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There is no evidence of off-budget expenditures so this indicator is marked Not Applicable. All expenditures are previously provided and authorized by the budget…
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In Benin off-budget expenditures happen rarely and in exceptional situations. The political violences of 2021, the COVID-19 situation and terrorism attacks are part of…
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The Information and Communication Code clearly explains how the public can access any public information. A citizen has to do is make a verbal…
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This indicator is not assigned a score in the GDI. The government applies a system of classification of information within a clear legal framework…
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It is difficult for the public to have access to information related to defence [1]. Despite the Information and Communication Code, which authorises the…
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31
100/100
Do national defence and security institutions have beneficial ownership of commercial businesses? If so, how transparent are details of the operations and finances of such businesses?
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As institution, the “Minsitry of Defence” is not the beneficiary owner of any commercial business [1]. These same principles apply to the military, which…
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Benin laws don’t allow national defence and security institutions to have any beneficial ownership of commercial businesses so this indicator is marked Not Applicable.…
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32
100/100
Are military-owned businesses subject to transparent independent scrutiny at a recognised international standard?
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33
75/100
Is there evidence of unauthorised private enterprise by military or other defence ministry employees? If so, what is the government’s reaction to such enterprise?
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In Benin no security or military institutions have a private enterprise. The government strictly outlaws any unauthorised private enterprise. However the law it not…
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There is no solid evidence or official investigation that mentions the involvement of Beninese military or Ministry of Defense employees in unauthoriszed private business…
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77
6/100
Is comprehensive data on actual spending on defence published during the budget year?
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The actual spending are published in quarterly report on budgetary rexecution but are not very detailed. There is some explanation provided but it is…
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In the quarterly reports, the vast majority of of actual defence spend is not includeds. The Court of Auditors and the National Assembly are…
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There is no aggregated document with actual defence spending for the year, only the quarterly reports with scarce information on the MoD. [1]
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No explanation on variances between the budget and actual spending has been publicly provided in the last 5 years. [1]
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0
NA/100
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Asset Disposals
Q24
NA/100
How effective are controls over the disposal of assets, and is information on these disposals, and the proceeds of their sale, transparent?
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Q25
NA/100
Is independent and transparent scrutiny of asset disposals conducted by defence establishments, and are the reports of such scrutiny publicly available?
View QuestionSecret Budgets
Q26
NA/100
What percentage of defence and security expenditure in the budget year is dedicated to spending on secret items relating to national security and the intelligence services?
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Q27
NA/100
Is the legislature (or the appropriate legislative committee or members of the legislature) given full information for the budget year on the spending of all secret items relating to national security and military intelligence?
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Q28
NA/100
Are audit reports of the annual accounts of the security sector (the military and intelligence services) subject to parliamentary debate?
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Q29
NA/100
In law, are off-budget military expenditures permitted, and if so, are they exceptional occurrences that are well-controlled? In practice, are there any off-budget military expenditures? If so, does evidence suggest this involves illicit economic activity?
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Q30
NA/100
Are mechanisms for accessing information from the defence sector effective?
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Q31
NA/100
Do national defence and security institutions have beneficial ownership of commercial businesses? If so, how transparent are details of the operations and finances of such businesses?
View QuestionMilitary-owned Businesses
Q32
NA/100
Are military-owned businesses subject to transparent independent scrutiny at a recognised international standard?
View QuestionIllegal Private Enterprise
Q33
NA/100
Is there evidence of unauthorised private enterprise by military or other defence ministry employees? If so, what is the government’s reaction to such enterprise?
View QuestionActual Military Spending
Q77
NA/100